Secale Cornutum

Spurred rye; Ergot of rve.

The fungus Claviceps purpurea, Tulasne, is the cause of this disease in rye (and in other grasses), see Loliuiu. Moisture favors the development of this fungus; epidemics, known as Raphania, Kriebelkrankheit, etc., are traced to the use of rye flour poisoned by this fungus.

Preparation for use, Tincture.

Authorities. (Nos. 1 to 80, from Trink’s collection, Hartlaub und Trinks, Annalen der Horn. Kliuik, 3, 228.) 1, Caspar Schwenkfeld, Theriotrophaeum Silesiacum, Ligni, 1604, giebtdie erste Nacliricht von dem Vorkornum der Kriebelkrankheit; 2, Barbeck, de morbis couvulsis. Duisb., 1763, 4; 3, Perrault, Letter de Dodart in Journ. des Savans, ann. 1676, T. IV, p. 79; 4, Thunder, in Journ. des Savans, ann. 1676, T. IV, p. 79; 5, May, Bright, wiedie sich ereigwende Grimmuud Krampfsucht zu kuriren. Kassel, 1683, 4; 6. Fr. Hoffman, med. rat. system, T. II, p. 300; 7, Geoffroya, Tractatus de Mater, med. Venet., 1665, T. II, p. 2; 8, Wepfer, Eph. Nat. Cur. Dec., Ill, Ann. II, p. 300; 9, J. Scheuchzer, Miscell. Lips, T. V ; 10, J. H. Hoffmayer, Sendschreiben von der fisher an vielen Personen in seiner Gegend gefundeuen Kriebelkrankheit, drummed, over schweren Nothkraukheit, deren Ursachen und Heilmitteln, Berlin, 1702, 8 ; 11, Memoires de l’Academie de Paris, 1710 ; 12, Lang, description morborum ex clavorum secaliuoruru usu, etc., Lucern, 1717, 8; 13, W. H. Waldschmidt, de morbo epidemic, per Holsatium grassante, Kilo, 1717, 8 ; 14, Haberkorn, unvorgreifliche Gedanken von der Ziehe—over Nervenkrankheit, welch dutch das iuficirte Korn in Sachsen und der Lusit eingerissen, Budissin, 1717, 8; 15, G. Budsei., consilium medium von d Krampfkrankheit, Budissin, 1717, 8; 16, G. W. Wedel, de morbo spasmod. epidemy. maligno in Saxonia, Lusatia, etc., Jense, 1717, 4; 17, J. D. Longolii, judicum medium de corruption lymph* per frumentum corruptum, over medic. Gedanken von der Kronstaupe, welch ann., 1716-17, an verschiedeueu Often in Sachsen outer dem Title des Lessens und der Ziehkrankheit, etc., bekannt. S. k., 1717, 8 ; 18, C. G. Welsch, Bright von der Krampfsucht, over spasmod. Krankheit, so an verscheid. Often im verging. Jahre sich reigned., Pima, 1718; 19, Breslauer Sammlung von Natur-, Medicin-, Kunst- und Literature-geschichte, I, II, Vers., 1718; 20, G. Schober, epitome diss. med. de sem. loliac. et secalis nigri corrupt., cum farina commixt. et aliments loco assumtis varios morb. epid. ann. 1722, etc., producent. in Act. Cand. Lips., 1723 ; 21, C. Vater, observations select* de morbo spasmod. papillary Silesiaco. Viteberg. 1723 ; 22, Noel, in History de l’Acad. des Scienc. ann. 1710, page 80; 23, Fontanelle, in History de l’Acad. des Scienc. ann. 1710, p. 81 ; 24, H. Ludolf, diss. sisters casum novi morbi spasm, convulse. vulgo dict: Steifenfuss, strife Krankheit, Kramptsueht, ziehende Seuche, Kriebelkrankheit, Erford, 1727, 4; 25, -, diss. de affectu spasm, vago maligno epidemy. vernal. Kriebelkrankheit, Erford, 1756, 4; 26, F. E. Briichmann, relation de clavis secale. morbor. inde exert. epidemy., quem die Kriebelkrankheit vacant, etc., in Comment, lit. Novimb., 1734, head. VII, Nr. Ill; 27, C. A. Berger, dissert. de morbo epidemy. convulsive, contain expert. Fraucofurt. ad Viadr., 1742, 4, much in Haller, Samml. prakt. Streitschriften, B. I, p. 87 ; 28, Rose a Rosenstein, diss. de morbo spasmod. convulsive epidemy. Goth, 1749, 4 ; 29, Cothenius, Nacliricht von der Schadlickheit des Mutterkornes in Schreber’s Samml. verschied. Schriften. Halle, 1756, 8, Th. II, p. 413; 30, P. J. Bergic, diss. de epilepsia acute epidemic, Holm, 1756, Mater. Med. e regno veget. T. I, p. 49, obs. VI; 31, Tissot, pistol ad D. G. Baker, de morbis ex usu secalis cornuti, data Lausannse, 1764, amnehren Often in’s Deutsche uebersetzt; 32, Muller, in Act. red. Berol. Dec., II, vol. vi, p. 50; 33, Barkhard, in Satyr, med. Siles. Spec., Ill, Obs. IV ; 34, Ant. Serine, in Satyr, red. Siles. Spec., IV, Obs. V, p. 35 ; 35, Saline, Memoire sur les maladies, que cause le seigle ergot in d. Mein, de Math, et de Phys. de l’Acad., T. II, p. 155; 36, Dodart, ira Journal des Savans, 1769, ch. 16, Mars.; 37, Linne, Diss. de Raphania, Upsal., 1763, 4; 38, Sauvages, Nosol. Method. Arastelod., 1763, T. Ill, P. I, p. 547 ; 39, Th. Ang. Schlegel, Versuch rait d. Mutterkorne, Eassel, 1770, 4; 40, M. Vetillart, Memoire sur un espece de poison sous le nom dargot, seigle, ergotes, ble cornu, mane, etc., Tours, 1778; 41, Du Bourrix, Memoire sur la nature et les effects du seigle ergot, pour serves de refutation au memoire de M. Schlegel, Paris, 1771 ; 42, Wichmaun, Beitrage zur Geschichte der Kriebelkrankheit im J., 1770, Leipz. u. Zelle, 1771, 8 ; 43, Vogel, Schutzschrift fur das Mutterkorn, als einer angelblichen Ursache der Kriebelkrankheit, Gotting., 1771, 8 ; 44, Leidenfrost, diss. de raorbo convulse. epidemy. Germauorera, caritatis annonse comite, vulgo: die Kriebelkrankheit, Augsburg, 1771, 4, und in Baldinger’s Magazin, 1776, St. IV; 45, L. E. Eschenbach, Gedanken vor der Schadlichkeit des Mutterkorues, Stock, 1771, 8; 46, Baldinger, Programma ad diss. de metastasis in morbis, pnefatio docet, secale cornutum perperama nonnullis ab infamia literary, Jesse, 1771, 4; 47, Taube, Geschichte der Kriebelkrankheit, besonders derjenigen, welch in d. Jahre, 1770, u. 71, in den Zellischen Gegenden gewiithet hat. Gott., 1782, 8; 48, Marcard, von einer der Kriebelkrankheit ahnlichen Krampfsucht, die in Stade beobachtet ist., Hamburg, 1772, 8 ; 49, Focken, Versuch, Beobachtungen, Erfahrung und Kurarten in d. sogenannten Kriebelsucht, Zelle, 1771, 8 ; 50, C. L. Nebel, diss. de Secale cornuto, ejusque noxa, experientia atque experiments chemic. nixa., Giess, 1771, 4; 51, Ejusdem Progr. quo diss. suam de Secale cornuto a noxiis ac temerariis et contumeliosis objectionibus Schlegel vindicat, Giess, 1772, 4 ; 52, B. W. Rodder, giiindliche Abhandluiig von der in Deutschland hin und wieder grassirenden Seuche, die Kriebelkrankheit over Krampfsucht peanut, worn deren Beschaffenheit, Ursachen, Vorbauuug und Healing beschrieben, Frankf. und Leipzig, 1772, 8 ; 53, J. L. Herrmann, Abhaudl. u. gegriind. Wahrnehm. von der Kriebelkrankheit, so in Niederschlesien, 1771, u. 72, epidemy. grassirt hat, Kassel, 1774, 8; 54, Read, Traite sur le seigle ergot, Strasburg, 1771, 12; 55, Tessier, Traite de maladies des grains, Paris, 1783, 8 ; 56,——, Memoire sur les observant. faites en Cologne en 1772, in Mem. de la soc. roy. de Med., A. 1776, p. 417; 57, Sangiorgio, diss. sur la gramigna che nella Lombard ingesta la segala, Milan, 1772 ; 58, C. L. E. Hartmann, Berichte und Gedanken, die Kriebelkrankheit betreffend, etc., Ivopeuhag., 1772;'59, Berichte und Gedanken, welch von den schleswigholstein, Physicis an d. kon. d. Hammer zu Copenhagen sind gesandt worden, uebst d. Respons. des k. Coll, med., und ein Uuterricht iii d. Landvolk, Kopenhag., 1774, 8; 60, G. M. Brawe, Beitrage zur Geschichte der Kriebelkrankheit im Jahre 1771, Bremen, 1772 ; 61, Dressing, Handbuch d. med. Diagnost. Bd., 2 ; 62, Halse, Handbuch der chron. Krankheiten, T. II ; 63, Jahr, Klinik d. chron. Krankheiten, T. I, p.253; 64, Richter, Spec. Therap., T. VI; 65, Haller, Mat. med, fibers. von Vicat. T. II; 66, Spielmann, Institut. mat. med.; 67, Keyl, Diss. de Secale corn. ejusque vi in corp. human, salubris et noxia, Berlin, 1823, 8; 68, C. Knape, iiber die zweckmass. Schutzmittel gegeu d. nachtheil. Wirk. des Mutterkorues, in Hecker’s Jahrb. d. St, A. I. B. 2, Th. p. 240; 69, J. C. Lorinser, Versuch u. Beobaeht. nb. die Wirk. des Mutterkornes auf d. mescal. u. thier. Korper, Berlin, 1824, 8 ; 70. Kenning ; 71, Waghas; 72, Nolten ; 73, Class ; 74, Evers Taube ; 75, (Eltze ; 76, Osswald ; 77, Roemhild bei Lorinser; 78. Cordier bei Froriep; 79, Engler ; 80, Acta Editor; 81, Bigelow, N. E. Med. J., 1816, p. 162, effects in seven cases, from doses of over a scruple; 82, Lessened, Hufel. J., 1817, effects of eating rye bread poisoned with it; 83, Villeueuve, A. H. Z., 1, 131, History sur Secale Cornut., Paris, 1827, general effects ; 84, Hartmann, A. H. Z., 1, 27, symptoms ; 85, Perrotton, Hirschel’s Archiv, 1, 156, effects of large doses, in labor; 86, Puchstein, Hirschel’s Archiv, 1, 235, effects of “ergot bread ;” 87, same, in a man; 88, Lorenzo, A. H. Z., 1, 131, general effects; 89, Wagner, A. H. Z., 1, 129, from Hufel. J., 1832, epidemic poisoning; 90, Sweat, Bost. M. and S. J., 1834, p. 420, general effects; 91, Munsell, Lond. Med.Gaz., 14, 605, a woman in fourth month of pregnancy took a drachm; 92, same, another woman took a drachm in two doses ; 93. same, a woman in labor took 2 drachms in two doses; 94, Hooker, Bost. M. and S. J., 10, 299, a man took ^ drachm of the light oil at 2 p.m., and 1 drachm at 3 and 4 p.m., also another man experienced the same effects from 40 minims; 95, same cases, the symptoms that continued apparent for a week ; 96, same, a man took 14 ounces of infusion, and another man 8 ounces within two hours ; 97, Pulse, N. A. Archives of Med. and Surg. Sc., 1835, p. 81, a woman, just delivered, suffering from haemorrhage, took 12 ounces of infusion in doses, every half hour ; 98, Jacoby, Archiv. de Med. Strasburg, 1835, effects of drachm doses of powder during pregnancy; 99, Thompson, Lancet, 1836-7, p. 854, effects; 100, Schramm, Berlin Kl. Waeh., 1837, p. 378 (from Helbig Heraclides, 1, 56); 101, Rolling, Froriep, Noticed, 1829 (from Helbig); 102, Hansen, Rust’s Mag., 1829 (ibid.); 103, Cottmann, Am. Med. Intell., 3, 329, experiments on healthy lunatics, with scruple and Adrachru doses ; 104, Beckwith, Am. Med. Intell., 3, 213, a woman in labor took 30 grains; 105, Allied, Bull, de Therap. (Am. J. of Med. Sc., 25, 210), effects in cases suffering from paralysis of the bladder ; 106, Ann. de Med., 1, 839, effects in a healthy man, of 24 grains; 107, Chavasse, Transact. Prov. M. and S. Assoc., 4, injurious effects; 108, De Gravina, Annali Quivers di Med., 1839 (Br. and F. Med.-Chir. Rev., 1840), the author took 24 grains ; 109, Jablanczy, A. H. Z., 30, 295, provings on self, with a dose of 50 drops of tincture ; 110, same, on Mr. Matzeka; 111, Maisonneuve, Gaz. des Hop., 18, 711; 112, Barbier, Recherehes sur Secale (A. H. Z., 20,143), a person took several drachms; 113, Wright, Edin. M. and S. J., 1840, p. 9, effects of a dose of 1\ drachms; 114, same, a woman, flooding, took \ a drachm three times a day for a fortnight, then 1 drachm four or five times a day for five days; 115, same, a woman in labor, took an infusion of 2 drachms; 116, Holt, Lancet, 1842-3, 1, 712, effects on infant, when administered to mother during labor; 117, Cotlet, Edin. M. and S. J., 1842, 1, 83, effects of \ drachm, repeated in twenty minutes, in a woman in labor ; 118, Med. Times, 1843, 419, effects of 3 drachms, in a woman with cancer of neck of uterus; 119, Bost. M. and S. J., 1843,168, from Gaz. des Hop., dysentery iu twenty-seven persons, caused by eating diseased rye ; 120, Gibbon, Am. J. of Med. Sc., 33, p. 244, 1844, healthy man took*16 grains of powder in a decoction ; 120 a, same, took a scruple in a decoction ; 1206, same, 1 drachm; 121, Gibbons, took aq. ext., 10 grains ; 121 a, same, took 30 drops of the ethereal oil; 122, Pyrola, Gaz. Med., 1844, No. 19, effects of 30 grains (symptoms after two hours) ; 123. same, experiment on self with 20 grains ; 124. Pate, Med. Zeit. Preuss., 1844 (Br. J. of Horn., 3), effects of a drachm of powder; 125, Pardu, Aunali Universe di Med., 1844, effects of 30 grains, in a man suffering from a trifling disorder; 125a, same, repeated with same and additional symptoms; 126, same, another in health took 20 grains of powder; 126 a, same, took 30 grains, after a hearty meal ; 127, Med. Zeit. Preuss., 1845, a man took a drachm of powder ; 127 a, same, repeated ; 127 6, same, 2 drachms ; 128, same, another man took a drachm ; 128 «, same, repeated ; 128 b, same, took 2 drachms; 129, Ker, Br. J. of Horn., 8, 462, effects; 130, Amal, Mem. Royal. Acad, de Med., 1849, experiment on self, took 1^ drachms of powder, kept quiet, and counted his pulse every fifteen minutes ; 130 a, same, another experiment; 131, Nuttal, Med. Times, vol. 16, p. 391, effects of eating poisoned bread ; 132, GEst. Med. Woch., 1847, No. 42, effects of poisoned bread ; 133, Bonjean, Lancet, 1845, 1, 701, a family poisoned by bread ; 134, Pratschke, Gasp. Woch. (Loud. Med. Gaz., 1850, p. 579), poisoning of a woman by bread ; 135, same, a girl aged eighteen; 136, same, a girl aged seven ; 137, same, child aged four ; 138, Ungefug and Stranger, Zeit. Vermin Q5st., 2, 252, ergotismus, in a boy ; 139, same, in a man ; 140, Huss-Buscb, Frank’s Mag., 4, 687, cases of ergotismus; 141, same, effects of a teaspoonful taken to produce abortion; 142, Huss, Vjs. Prag., 1856 (A. H. Z., 52, 167), poisoning of three persons by flour, one sixth ergot; 143, same, in a boy; 144, same, in a girl; 145, Heusinger, Deutsche Khu., 1856, epidemic of ergotismus ; 146, Zabari, CEst. Zeit. f. ver. iErzte, 1,117, effects of poisonous bread, in a child ; 147, same, in a woman ; 148, Diet, Zeit. f. ver. iErtze G3st.. 2. 252, effects of 2 drachms ; 149, Changing, Bost. M. and S. J., 1859, p. 138, effects of quarter of a pound, in a pregnant woman; 150, Mezer, When Wochbl., 1861, epidemic of ergotismus; 151, Neubert, Journ. of Pharmacod., 2, 4, a woman poisoned ; 152, Ricker, Nass. Med. Jahrb., 15, 748, a family poisoned by bread ; 153, Casp. Vjs., 20, 1862, effects of large doses, in a woman; 154, Poyet, Annal. de Sac. de Med. de St. Etienne et de la Loire, 1863, effects of ergoted bread ; 155, Hill, Trans. N. Y. Horn. Med. Sac., 2, 214, effects of ^ an ounce of powder, in a woman suffering from continued menstruation, death on eleventh day ; 156, same, from N. O. Journ. of Med., a woman six months pregnant took powder of ergot, 40 grains every half hour, for about two hours; 156a, same case, two days later, took f of an ounce in six hours; 157, Stephens, Brit. Med. Journ., 1864, p. 503, fatal effects of tincture, taken to produce abortion ; 158 and 159, omitted ; 160, Finger, Vjs. f. ger. Med., 8 (1869), a boy poisoned by bread ; 161, same, another boy ; 162, a girl, aged sixteen ; 163, same, a woman ; 164, same, a girl, aged twenty-two; 165, Possart, Am. Obs., 6, 21, effects of poisonous doses ; 166, Dr. G. S. Oldright, Canada Med. Journ., 6, 404, effects of ergot administered three days after delivery for slight flooding; 167, Nicol, Br. and F. Med.-Chir. Rev., 1872, 2, 203, effects of drachm and ^ drachm doses of fluid extract; 168, Heuschel, Med. Rec., 9, 471, an infant, born about the eighth month, received by mistake, 30 drops of Squibb’s fluid extract; 169, Wernicla, Einige Versuch ueber das Mutterkorn, Berlin, 1874, effects of a large amount, in a woman three months pregnant; 170, Smith. Pharm J., 1874, p. 622, effects of 3 to 7 grain doses.

Mind p. 554

* Delirium,2091161.

Delirium ; she abandons her relatives and does absurd things

Delirium; he makes no answer (in a child eight years old)

Muttering delirium, very restless, agitated, and fearful of death (first day)

Muttering delirium (in six hours)

Delirium with violence

Confusion of mind, with delirium bordering on mania; every patient raved and could be restrained only with great difficulty; followed after some hours by violent involuntary vomiting, and by continued deep sleep; after this there remained excessive vertigo, as after intoxication, with a feeling of exhaustion aud powerlessness

Rage

Having,323*, etc.

Raving, with an attempt to jump into the water

Raving, so that she must be restrained

In two hours delirium came on, succeeded by heavy sleep aud snoring. She could be roused, not to consciousness, but to low muttering, wanderings

Extreme excitement, with wild look aud impaired vision

Excited and confused

Transient delirium with the headache (second aud third days)

Slight attacks of delirium

Mild del ilium

A considerable degree of exhilaration, with preternatural wakefulness, both of them lying awake, with a very pleasant train of sensations and thoughts, through nearly the whole succeeding night

Sensorium disturbed iu the night; could not get rid of the impression that there were two sick persons in the bed, one of whom recovered and the other did not (fifth night)

She was conscious, but the room presented to her the impression of water excessively agitated on its surface. She could compare it only to the “foaming of a troubled sea

Illusions of sense

Imbecility

Mind weak for a long time

Foolishness

Those usually sad become jolly aud even foolish

Cheerful and constant joyous mood

Strong desire to recover (eighth day)

* Constant moaning and fear of death, with strong desire to live (eleventh day)

Constant moaning and swaying of the arms to and from the head (first day)

Moaning, sighing (tenth day)

Extreme sadness,64; (after one hour)

Sad mood

Loathing of life; despair (tenth day)

Desire to be left undisturbed (first day)

Great depression

The greatest depression of mind and loss of strength, a very sick feeling

Depression of spirits

Constant despondency and fearful ness

Increased despondency

Anxiety.70 125 134 138 160.

* Great anxiety.7184.

* Frightful anxiety

* Anxiety and difficult respiration

Anxiety, obstinacy (tenth day)

* Anxiety and fear of death (tenth day)

Melancholia

Hypochondria ; patient says she must have something to relieve her or she must die (ninth day)

Excessively nervous and irritable

Obstinacy, in a boy eight years old

Indifference to everything

Disinclination for work

Disinclined to answer

Great weakness of thought

Thought disturbed

Thought and speech difficult

Intellectual languor (after three hours)

The only expression that he gave utterance to was a stupid kind of “I am hungry

Forgetful, weak-minded

Weakness of memory (first day)

Memory lost, forgot what he had just said

* Diminution and loss of the senses, sight, hearing, etc.,6

* Allthe senses benumbed

Great dulness of sense

Gradually became insensible aud died without struggling (eleventh day)

Consciousness seems to continue till the last breath, and just before death it seems as though the patient would improve

Apathy

Felt ill at ease, stupid, sleepy (after one hour)

Mind stupid

Stupor, with dilated pupils

* Stupefaction,12 32 64 65 74

* Stupor,3* 92 152.

Chronic stupor

Complete loss of senses

Loss of consciousness

Incomplete coma (in six hours)

Coma

Head p. 555

Confusion and Vertigo. Confusion of the head

Confused feeling in the head

1* Vertigo,20 64 70 71 76, etc.

Chronic vertigo

Vertigo and reeling, so that the patients could not stand upon their feet

Vertigo and reeling as if intoxicated

Vertigo for twentyfour hours after a dose

Reeling as from intoxication

Vertigo, that often lasts more than a month, sometimes disappearing for a short time, at other times more violent than ever, especially after eating bread

Constantly increasing vertigo

Vertigo,.'4f

Vertigo (after half an hour), lasting twelve to twenty hours, and even obliging the patient to remain in bed several days

Vertigo and stupefaction

Vertigo and heaviness of the head

Reeling, with inability to stand upright

Dizziness and weakness (after two hours)

Dizziness of the head, on moving (sixth and seventh days)

Head dizzy and heavy (ninth day)

Dizziness and heaviness of head (tenth day)

Giddiness and whirling of the head (tenth day)

Could scarcely walk, owing to the giddiness which had succeeded to the confusion of the head (fourth day)

Giddiness and sensation as if about to fall, on the slightest movement (first day)

Intoxication,22 65 75.

General Head. Pendulum-like movements of the head

Pendulum-like movements of the head, from side to side

Head sometimes heavy and throbbing, and again so light and giddy that she could scarcely stand

Weight of head (after one hour)

Uneasiness and heaviness in the head

* Heaviness of the head (after one hour),64 123 ; (seventh day)

Head heavy and dizzy (eleventh day)

* Stupefaction of the head

Congestion to the head

Great dulness of the head, ,45.

Great dulness of the head and vertigo, so that they could not keep erect, and either fell to the ground or were obliged to hold to something

Great oppression in the head, with incapacity for any mental exertion

Dulness and stupefaction of the head

* Dimness of the head,41 61 84 127 12S.

Dull headache

* Headache,84 70 71, etc.

Violent headache,9192 ", etc.

Excruciating pain in head

Left-sided headache

Burning headache

Slight headache

Pain in the head (first day); became intense, with transient delirium (second and third days)

Peculiar feeling of lightness of the head, particularly of the occiput (after a quarter of an hour) ; on the following morning, the confusion of the head continued

An agreeable sensation in the head (seven minutes after first two doses), followed by an unpleasant, heavy, confused feeling, particularly in the posterior part of the head, and a slight general exhilaration (after each dose)

Head seemed perfectly empty, and the sense of hearing had become so heightened that every word spoken in the lowest tone reverberated through the head, and passed through every nerve of the whole body

Unpleasant sensation in the head, but no pain (fifth day)

Head vacant, with feeling as if something whirled round in it (ninth day)

Sharp pain in the head, with dizziness after the chill, relieved by the diarrhoea ; the pain returned the next morning, after the diarrhoea had ceased

Throbbing in the head (sixth day)

Biting sensation on the head

Forehead. Violent burning pain in the frontal region, so that he would willingly die, with a sad expression, mouth drawn and constantly filled with saliva from the submaxillary glands, which were swollen

Burning pain in the frontal region, day and night

Throbbing frontal headache (after one hour)

Vertex. Heaviness in the sinciput (after two hours)

Occiput. Dull headache in the occiput

Headache in the occipital region (ninth day)

Severe pain in the back of the head (first day)

Pressive pain in the occiput

Lightning-like pain in the occiput, extending down the nape of the neck

External Head. The hair fell out, became dry and gray

Falling of the hair

Sensation as if the hair was pulled

Ee p. 557

Atte r the epidemic an unusually large number of cataracts occurred in young people, twenty three of whom gradually became blind (fifteen men and eight women), associated with headache, vertigo, and roaring in the ears; of the cataracts two were hard, twelve soft, and nine mixed,150.f

Eyes sunken and surrounded with a blue margin (fifth day)

* Eyes lay deep in the head (fourth day)

Eyes staring aud wild, with dilatation of pupils (second day),lo

Eyes wild aud distorted, with pupils much dilated (first and second days)

Staring look.139.

Wild staring look ; face red ; inarticulate moans and movements of the head to aud fro; arms rigid and immovable; the hands drawn over to the chest

Eyes wild, distorted

Staring and blindness

Spasmodic distortion of the eyes

Fixedness of the eye (soon after second dose)

Glistening eyes

Right disk decidedly paler, with retina also of a paler tint. Left also paler (in one hour). Right disk paler; on apparent inner side decidedly; on outer side also a little. Left eye altogether a little paler (in one hour aud twenty minutes). Retina and disks of both eyes decidedly pale, aud this is especially observable in the right eye (in one hour). Retinae not quite so pale; disks the same as before (in one hour and a half)

Eyes very yellow (sixth day)

Rolling of the eyes about the orbits

Squinting

Light painful to the eyes (eleventh day)

Pain in the eyes (first day)

Conjunctiva. Conjunctiva aud sclerotic coat yellow and injected (second day); conjunctiva bright yellow (fifth day)

Ball. Pressure in the eyeball

Pupil. Remarkable dilatation of the pupils, in a boy eight years old

Remarkable dilatation of the pupils

Pupils much dilated

Dilatation of the pupils, during the remission

* Dilatation of the pupils 86 94 9o, etc.

Pupils somewhat dilated aud rather sluggish

Slight dilatation of the pupils

Pupils greatly contracted, in a girl eight years old

Spasmodic contractions of the pupils

Pupils contracted, almost entirely closed, with frightful distortion of the eyes

Vision. Weakness of vision

Sight impaired (fourth day)

* Dimnesss of vision

Greatly diminished power of vision

Dimness and confusion of sight (after half an hour), soon followed by double vision and then entire blindness

Troubled vision (soon after second dose)

Vision imperfect, at times almost total blindness (second aud third days)

Partial blindness, after the chill

Eyes blurred, with dimness of vision (eleventh day)

Dimness of vision, especially when rising or moving in bed (tenth day)

Great darkness before the eyes

Objects seen double

Objects seen double aud triple

Frequent double vision

Photophobia

Blindness

Amaurosis

Veil before the eyes

Everything looks black when moving the head (tenth day)

When rising up in bed everything turns black before her eyes (seventh day)

Sparks appeared to Hash before her eves

Frequent flashes of light in the eyes (after forty-five minutes)

Flickering before the eyes

Mist and sparks before the eyes

Sees stars

Ears p. 557

Sensation as if the ears were stopped

* Roaring in the ears, with great difficulty of hearing

* Roaring in the ears 62 84 ,45.

Difficulty of hearing

Hearing impaired (fourth day)

Transient deaf-

-j- Out of 283 persons attacked, 198 died. ness, with insensibility of the fingers of the whole hand ; frequent falling asleep of the limbs

* Deafness (soon after second dose)

Nose p. 558

* Constant nosebleed

* Nosebleed,28 64 ; (fourth day),124; (eleventh day)

* Haemorrhage from the nose (third day); worse than before (fourth day) ; epistaxis (fifth day)

Dryness of the nasal mucous membrane

Olfactory nerves very sensitive (tenth day)

Face p. 558

Shortly the palpebral began to swell, likewise the lips and fauces; the tears flowed copiously; the Schneiderian membrane seemed much stimulated, and there was coryza, great difficulty of breathing through the nose, and injection of the vessels of the conjunctiva. The lips and palpebral began to puff, as if stung by a bee, and gradually assumed a livid appearance. The power of deglutition was nearly lost; the voice became feeble; she said her jaws were fixed, and shortly after it was with greatest difficulty that an answer of yes or no could be elicited. Previous to arriving at this point, she had complained of pain iu every nerve, and a sensation of emptiness of the head

The face and head suddenly became intensely congested, being of a purplish red color, after stimulants and warmth were applied

Face and abdomen swollen

Face puffy

Face sunken, often discolored

Features sunken

* Face drawn

* Risus sardonicus

Suffering expression

Face hippocratic, discolored

Stupidity of expression (soon after second dose)

Countenance had a remarkably heavy idiotic expression (after second dose)

* Expression of face most anxious

Face pale and haggard

* Face pale and collapsed (next morning); ashy (fourth day)

* Face pale,122 i25 i=i 1=3

=! Face very pale

* Face pale, sunken, hippocratic

Transitory paleness (in one hour)

Face flushed and livid at times (first day),100. -

Flushing of the face

Faces warm and red,127b 12Sb.

Redness of the face

Face red, with thirst and some delirium, in children

Face dark red

Face yellow

Face yellowish, sunken, and distorted

Livid face (in six hours)

Countenance generally more livid at birth

Cheeks pale (after three-quarters of an hour)

The lips were retracted so as to expose the teeth

* Lips bluish

Distortion of the mouth

Trismus

Mouth p. 558

Teeth. Gnashing of the teeth

The teeth became loose and fell out

Bloody sordes(tenth day)

Sordes on the teeth (seventh, eighth, and ninth days)

Toothache, to which he had been subject, on exposure to cold (after one hour)

Tongue. The patient frequently bites the tongue

The tongue is often torn during the most violent convulsions

Tongue a good deal swollen (second day)

Twitching and swelling of the tongue, with a suffocated voice and a constant flow of saliva

Tongue heavy, tremulous, white, difficult to protrude between the teeth, so that speech was almost unintelligible

Tongue dry, scarlet at the edges, crimson and black in the middle (second and third days),156a.

* Tongue white

Tongue white and moist

Tongue heavily coated white at noon, dry and brown at the tip (first day) ; coated with a heavy brown fur and pointed at the end (second day); heavily coated with a brownish fur, dry at the tip, edges stiff and swollen (third day) ; dry and brown (fourth day) ; dry, brown at the tip, and lead-colored at the root (fifth day); covered with a brownish lead-colored coat in the centre, red at tip and edges (sixth day); clean, very dry, and red at the tip (seventh day); dry, glazed, and stiff, appearing as if baked, to the touch, with a hard crust formed on the surface (eighth day) ; clear, red, and somewhat more moist than last night, pointed at tip (ninth day); red and dry (tenth day); red, dry, cracked, and bleeding (eleventh day)

Tongue covered with a whitish-yellow, dry, thick coating (next morning)

Tongue discolored brown, and at last quite black

Tongue covered with mucus

* Tongue clean

Prickling in the tongue

The tongue was often terribly bruised and bitten,'1

Tongue slightly creamy on the surface

Very painful crawling in the tongue, the tip of which was spasmodically moved about,42. General JTLoilth. Fetid breath and exhalations, so that it was almost impossible to remain in the room even with a constant circulation of air (eleventh day)

* Fetid breath (tenth day)

Mouth either spasmodically drawn or closed

Mouth sore and bleeding; passive haemorrhage (ninth, tenth, and eleventh days)

Dryness of the mouth and nose, obliging him to drink much, not relieved thereby

Dryness of the mouth and nose,127b 128b.

Scalding and burning in the mouth, throat, and stomach (eighth day)

Sensation as of boiling water running from the vulva up to the mouth (seventh day)

Mouth sore, as it salivated (ninth day)

Saliva. Constant salivation

Accumulation of saliva (after one hour)

* Salivation,™'* 128 128b.

Increased salivation, lasting two hours (after one hour)

Expectoration of bloody saliva (ninth day)

Frequent running of water from the mouth

Froth from the mouth bloody, yellow, or green

-Flowing of frothy bloody mucus over the lips

Constant inclination to spit (after half an hour)

Taste. Fetid taste in the mouth (tenth day)

Nauseous taste,132; (after one hour)

Taste very much blunted

Taste flat, disagreeable

Much sour-tasting salivation (fourth day)

Taste bitter, spoiled

Nauseous bitter taste

A peculiar taste in the mouth, as if he had smoked tobacco for a long time, or taken some ethereal oil (after a quarter of an hour)

Inability to taste or bear food

Bitter taste in the mouth, in the morning (second day)

Speech. Stammering and hesitation in answering questions (first day) ; the same hesitation still observable, but mind clear (eighth day)

Stammering speech

The patient stammered unintelligible words between the teeth

Speech difficult, stammering

Inability to speak distinctly

* Speech slow and weak, with a feeling on every motion as if there were always some resistance to be overcome

* Speech difficult

Throat p. 559

Hawking up of tenacious mucus, with pressive pain in the right tonsil

* Dryness in the throat,™ 13217

Great dryness and irritation of the throat, which was intensely injected with blood, and on the left side of the soft palate was a dark patch looking as if blood was effused beneath the mucous membrane

Throat sore, with difficulty of swallowing, at 10 a.m. ; oesophagitis; inability to swallow while lying down, at 8 p.m. (second day); not as sore (third day)

Soreness and tightness about the throat (second day)

Violent burning in the throat

Intolerable crawling in the throat

Burning in the fauces and along the oesophagus to the stomach (second and third days),loBa.

Stomach p. 559

Appetite Excessive appetite; ate enormously of whatever was given him

Very great appetite in girls, two, five, and eight years old

* Ravenous appetite

* Insatiable appetite

Unusually great appetite

Unnatural appetite, even when dying from exhausting discharges from the bowels

Increased appetite

Ravenous hunger, with improvement after eating

* Ravenous hanger,™.

Constant ravenous hunger after the spasms, special desire for bread

A kind of ravenous hunger and mental weakness for a long time

Greediness; anything satisfied him; constant longing for food

Extreme greediness, especially for acids

Patients eat a great deal without being nourished

Bulimia

Increased hunger

Desire to eat through the whole illness

The appetite is either natural or ravenous

Ate more than usual (second day)

Appetite moderately increased

Loss of appetite,90 95 10°, etc.

Great aversion and inclination to vomit (after two hours)

Aversion to food

Complete disgust for food, with an occasional feeling of coldness at the stomach that thence pervaded the whole frame

Loathing of food and drink (tenth day)

Anorexia, for two days

Thirst. ^Constant and intense thirst

Intense thirst, with no abatement by iced water or lemonade (second and third days),156a.

* Great thirst

Great thirst, but unable to drink much on account of its causing distress in the stomach (eleventh day)

* Great thirst and dryness of the month and throat, with burning and tingling of the tongue (seventh day)

Urgent thirst, with a desire for acidulated drinks (first day); loathes everything except sour drinks; desires acids (third day); great thirst and desire for sour drinks (fourth, fifth, and sixth days); thirst (seventh day)

Unquenchable thirst,61 64 100 153.

* Excessive thirst, for two days

* Violent thirst,47 135 153.

* Thirst,131155161.

Desire to drink undiluted wine at dinner, an unusual circumstance

They constantly long for drink, and desire to have the limbs stretched ; with incessant pain and oppression, and pressure in the pit of the stomach, and constant ineffectual efforts to vomit

Thirst and dryness in the throat

Eructations and Hiccough. Eructations having the odor of ergot

Frequent eructations of offensive flatus (fourth day)

Frequent eructations (after one hour)

Sour eructation,148; (fifth and sixth days)

Eructations,64; (after one hour),127; (after two hours)

Singultus (fifth, seventh, and following days)

Heartburn. Heartburn

Nausea, and Vomiting Nausea,u 66 7I, etc.

* Excessive nausea and debility, with very little vomiting of a dark-brown coffeegrounds fluid (first day) ; incessant vomiting of a brownish water, with occasional streaks of blood (second and third days),156a.

Nausea, after the chill, relieved by the diarrhoea

Constant nausea, all day

Nausea, caused by the odor of the plant

Nausea, after eating

Either nausea, and consequently sedation, or diminished frequency of the pulse, without nauseating, in twenty-five or thirty minutes

Slight nausea (after thirty minutes) ; nausea increased (after forty minutes) ; vomiting (after forty-five minutes) ; slight nausea (after one hour); no nausea (after two hours),u°b.

In three cases it produced slight nausea but no vomiting

Transient slight nausea (after each dose)

A sensation resembling nausea alternated with the heavy confused feeling in the head (after half an hour)

Nausea for twenty-four hours

* Nausea and vomiting,98; (after three-quarters of an hour)

Nausea, with occasional vomiting

Constant retching and vomiting of raw very offensive bilious substances

Incessant retching, with pressure in the pit of the stomach

Constantly retching, and could not retain a particle of either food, drink, or medicine on her stomach

Inclination to vomit,126 128 128a.

Sinking and sickness at the stomach (sixth day)

Sometimes sickness of the stomach

Sensations similar to those attending sea-sickness (after half an hour)

Fruitless efforts to vomit

Violent vomiting, followed by death,I,J.

Violent vomitings

Sudden attacks of incessant vomiting, at night, with most violent headache and pain over the whole body

Vomiting, followed by relief',1271.

In two, violent emesis (in one hour)

Easy vomiting

* Vomiting,28 64 67 7S, etc.

Vomiting of darkbrown slimy mucus, and also of everything taken into the stomach (first day); greater irritability of the stomach, and more difficulty of retaining food and medicine is observed at 8 p.m., than in morning (second day); vomited twice (second night) ; some nausea and vomiting, at 8 p.m. (fourth day) ; nausea and vomiting of sour dark-green matter (fifth dav); vomited a pint ot matter, in the morning, very sour, and of a dark-green color (sixth day) ; vomited sour dark-green mucus, containing shreds of disorganized membrane (seventh day); matter vomited contained shreds of mucous membrane (eighth day); vomiting of dark bilious matter, at intervals ot a few minutes; constant nausea and vomiting; matter vomited is of a dark-green color, containing mucus, bile, and shreds of membrane, in the evening (ninth day) ; stomach can not retain even medicine or water (tenth day); vomiting oj blood, bile, membrane, and coffee-grounds matter; inability to retain anything on the stomach ; vomiting ceased eight hours before death (eleventh dav),lM.

Vomiting of mucus or of worms, giving relief61.-

* Hemorrhage from the stomach (tenth day)

Frequent vomiting of food

Mucous and biliary vomiting

Occasional vomiting of coffee or chocolate-colored matter, for two days

Vomiting of chocolatecolored substances

\ vomitings of bilious matters; intermixed with blood

Violent vomiting of tenacious bilious mucus, at times affording relief

Vomiting of tenacious mucus, in the morning fasting

Vomiting of sour matters or of tenacious mucus

Vomiting of hardened black bile

Vomiting without great effort, soon after eating the bread, especially after a hearty meal, without diminished appetite

Vomiting of a slimy substance and frequently of round or thread worms

Stomach Tenderness of the epigastrium (second and third days)

Great weight and oppression at the pit of the stomach, as if a stone were in the stomach, an hour before death (eleventh day)

Weight and oppression of the stomach (tenth day)

* Great distress and oppression at the stomach (tenth day)

Oppression and heaviness at the stomach (sixth day)

Epigastric oppression

Oppression at the stomach

Feeling of weight at the epigastrium

A sensation of weight in the epigastrium, which, slight at first, became in a short time very painful

Unpleasant pressure at the stomach, which increased to such an extent as to obstruct his breathing ; along with this there was a strong desire to eat (after threequarters of an hour); the pain in the stomach was very tormenting, and attended with pyrosis (next morning)

Pressure in the epigastric region (after three-quarters of an hour)

Pressure in the stomach

Pressure and disagreeable sensation in the pit of the stomach, a kind of cardialgia, without Joss of appetite

Frightful pressure in the stomach for four days after a dose

Pressure in the pit of the stomach

* Violent pressure in the stomach

Great irritability of stomach, toast-water, lemonade, and ice-water being ejected almost as soon as swallowed (second day)

Very irritable stomach

Gangrene of the stomach, lungs, and liver, preceded by inflammation

Cardialgia

Spasm of the diaphragm (pleurospasmus), associated with suffocative loss of speech and twitching of the muscles

Painful sensation in the epigastric region

Violent pain in the epigastric and hypogastric region (first day)

Pain and soreness in the stomach (seventh day)

Pain in the stomach and bowels (sixth day)

Pain in the pit of the stomach,127 ,27b l28b.

Little pain or soreness in any part of the body except the stomach (eleventh day)

Pain in the stomach

The pain in the stomach and waterbrash were most distressing (fourth day)

Pains in the stomach and abdo-

Abdomen p. 561

36 men

Pain and cramp of the stomach

Attacks of violent cramps in the stomach

Cramp in the stomach

Gastric disturbance

Spasmodic constriction of the stomach, with nausea and vomiting

Painful constriction at the epigastrium (after one hour)

Uneasiness at stomach (after one hour)

Warmth in the epigastric region (after one hour)

Sensation of warmth and excitement in the epigastric region

Prickling in the stomach almost agreeable, relieved in the open air, recurring in a warm room

* Sensation of burning in the internal organs

Abdomen p. 562

Hypochondria. Tenderness in the right hypochondriac region (ninth day)

Pain in liver, stomach, and bowels (tenth day)

Torpidity of the liver (tenth day)

General Abdomen Abdomen tympanitic (first and fifth days)

* Meteor ismusff.

Abdomen tense

* Abdomen distended

Abdomen very soft

Abdomen hard, tense, painful to touch

Soreness, bloating, and rumbling of wind in the bowels (seventh day)

Rumbling of wind in the bowels (fifth day)

Borborygmi (after two hours)

Convulsive colic

Violent colic

* Colic,16113; (after two hours)

Griping pains accompanied stools

Complained urgently of abdominal and epigastric pain

Severe paroxysms of abdominal pains, recurring every fifteen minutes, and lasting hardly sixty seconds (after one hour)

Abdominal pain

Pain and soreness in the bowels (seventh day)

Patient describes the pains in the bowels as if a hundred knives were drawn through the parts down to the womb, ovaries, urethra, and vulva (eighth day)

Severe pain in abdomen, which was swollen, tense, and exquisitely tender

* Pain in the abdomen and burning in the stomach

Painful contractions in the upper abdomen (after one hour)

Spasmodic tension of the abdomen

Pressure as from much flatus in the abdomen

Pressure and drawing into the abdomen, relieved by slight stroking with the hand

A coarse stitch suddenly extending from the abdomen into the right testicle, while coughing

Paralysis of the intestines towards the last

* Sensation of remarkable coldness in the abdomen and back

Sensation of coldness in the abdomen and back

Sensation of disagreeable coldness, horripilation of the abdomen, back, and limbs

Increased warmth in the abdomen, especially in the epigastric region

Hypogastrium. Pressure and dragging in the hypogastrium, as from flatus, extending into the scrotum, iu the evening, two days in succession

Sudden circumscribed pain in the lower abdomen (after delivery)

* Pains in hypogastric region

Occasional pain in hypogastric region

Burning pain in the lower abdomen

Rectum and Anus p. 562

* Paralysis of rectum (tenth day)

* Anus stood wide open

Stinging-cutting pains in the rectum; great irritability of the sphincter ani, with spasms (ninth day)

Severe cutting pain in the rectum (tenth day)

Pain and spasm in rectum (tenth day)

Excruciating pain in hemorrhoidal veins (tenth day)

Distressing itching in the anus

Frequent ineffectual efforts for stool

Urging to stool, with pressive pain in the abdomen, relieved after a normal evacuation, in the morning (second day)

Ineffectual desire for stool

Stool p. 562

* Diarrhoea, 2 4‘50, etc.

* Diarrhoea, lasting from five to fourteen days, very exhausting fi.

* Very offensive diarrhoea

* Pernicious diarrhoea

* Diarrhoea; frequent, brown, and slimy discharges from the bowels (first day) ; diarrhoea continued, discharges from the bowels very fetid, and dark-colored (second day)

Diarrhoea; the stools were of a darkgray color, looked as though meal had been stirred through them, and had a peculiar sickly indescribable odor,1Bfi.

Sharp diarrhoea (after four hours) ; this yielded to repeated hot baths; but for two weeks there was constant tendency to diarrhoea

Three or four hours after the chill, spontaneous diarrhoea commenced, continuing five or six hours

* Thin involuntary discharges from the bowels

Stool thin, olive green, for the second time in the forenoon, without colic, followed by persistent burning extending, high up in the rectum, itching in the anus, making him almost beside himself (second day)

Stool at first mucus, afterwards bilious or sanguinolent

Discharges from the bowels of a great quantity of disorganized mucous membrane, resembling that thrown off in dysentery (eighth day) ; movement from the bowels of watery feculent matter (eleventh day)

* Haemorrhage from the bowels (ninth day)

* Haemorrhage from the bowels (tenth day); haemorrhage; the blood does not clot, and is very thin and almost black (eleventh day)

Evacuation of worms,47; in children

Motion of the bowels for the first time since taking the Secale (fourth day)

* Constipation,64 82 145 l0

Urinary Organs p. 563

Great sensitiveness of the bladder and ovarian region (sixth day)

Paralysis of bladder (tenth day)

Spasm of meatus uriuarius (ninth day)

Cutting pain and smarting in the urethra, as if a knife were drawn through the parts, when attempting to urinate (fifth day)

Burning in the urethra during micturition

Frequent desire to urinate, though not without effort

Violent but ineffectual urging to urinate

Obliged to urinate at night, contrary to habit, also no desire to urinate, in the morning, yet a large quantity of clear urine was vigorously passed during stool

Copious micturition

Involuntary micturition

Micturition difficult, with constant desire in the bladder

Micturition seldom, dribbling and without relief

Retention of urine

Inability to pass water

Increased discharge of urine,84 146 147.

Frequent and pretty copious discharges of urine (after second dose)

Urine somewhat increased (after two hours)

Urine scanty and dark-colored (first day); urinary discharges of a dark wine, or “prunejuice color (second day) ; suppressed; on introducing the catheter, about a gill of dark prune-colored urine passed, which appeared to be full of gritty sediment, and emitted a very disagreeable odor (third day); suppressed, but on using the catheter, about a teaspoonful escaped, which was very dark and fetid; a few drops falling on the linen stained dark brown; only a few drops passed during the day (fourth day) ; suppressed, passed three tablespoonfuls of urine by means of catheter, of a lighter color than formerly (fifth day); procured a tablespoonful of urine by the use of the catheter, at 9 a.m. ; passed a tablespoonful containing albumen, at 8 p.m. (sixth day) ; scanty discharges from the bladder, of a yellow color, and very fetid ; contained a large amount of albumen (seventh day) ; thought we detected casts of the uriniferous tubes in the ounce of albuminous urine obtained by means of the catheter (eighth day) ; albuminous, but of better color and larger quantity than at any time since the suppression commenced, containing mucus and albumen (ninth day); kidneys more active; urine more copious, but albuminous, fetid (tenth day); passed involuntarily for the first time in her sickness, more copious and containing blood and albumen (eleventh day)

The urine has a white sediment like cheese

Profuse thick red sediment to the urine, that colors the vessel

Urine scanty, ■watery, clear

Urine as clear as spring water, at times turbid

Urine clear, like water

Urine pale

Sexual Organs p. 563

Male. Numerous erections, even after coition,109. Strong dragging in the spermatic cord, so that the testicles seemed drawn up to the inguinal ring; this lasted for half an hour (after three-quarters of an hour)

Female. Abortion, period about two months, mass perfectly black

* Abortion

A six mouths foetus was born ; the discharge of the placenta was immediately followed by profuse vomiting, violent jactitation, precordial pain, pallor, coldness of the surface, the uterine contractions recurring at irregular intervals; this continued for half an hour, until unconsciousness and strabismus ushered in death,101. Death of the foetus

Miscarriage, followed by tearing pain in the extremities

Miscarriage between the seventh and eighth months

* Uterus and right ovary much congested and very sensitive to the touch; sphincter vagi me and vagina very much relaxed (eighth day)

On examination per vagina found the os tinea open so as to admit the first phalanx of the index finger, very sensitive to the touch, hot, and engorged, with profuse flowing (first day)

Os uteri wide open, thick, soft (before delivery)

The uterus, that had previously been in a normal condition, descended so that it almost protruded from the labile, was hot and painful; the os was open as large as the middle finger; the patient complained of excessive desire to urinate, and of labor pains, only relieved by wet bandages or by pressure upon the abdomen ; this lasted three days. She did not miscarry, though the os remained open during this period; afterwards the uterus gradually ascended, the pains diminished, and after five or six days the os again contracted. The woman went on to the eighth month, when she miscarried,™9.

Retention ot the placenta due to hour-glass contraction of the uterus and subsequent sterility

Uterine haemorrhage

Haemorrhage from the uterus, and apparent death of the new-born child,m.

* Incessant metrorrhagia,™9.

Gangrene of the whole vaginal mucous membrane; on holding apart the labile this membrane was found of a dar/c slate-color, emitting the characteristic odor,n8.

* Vagina hot

* Discharges from the vagina almost black, fluid, and very fetid (second day)

Vaginal and urinary discharges of a dark wine or “prune-juice color (second day)

Cessation of the lochia, with fever, inflammation of the uterus ; subsequently an abscess that opened through the vagina

-Pains in ovaries and uterus (tenth day)

* Pains of an expulsive character in the uterus (first day)

* The drug causes, not regular intermittent, but irregular stormy contractions of the uterus

* Violent labor pains

Tenderness of the vulva (fifth day)

Great tenderness of the vulva (tenth day)

Pain in the vulva (sixth and tenth days)

Pain, soreness, and throbbing heat in the vulva (seventh day)

The menses are too profuse; congestion of blood to the uterus; metrorrhagia; excessive uterine contractions, so that the uterus seemed ready to burst; all the symptoms are worse previous to the menses

Suppression of the menses,47 m.

Respiratory Organs p. 564

Voice. *The voice became weak, unintelligible, stammering

The voice is weak and unintelligible, stammering

Cough and Expectoration. Loose cough, with easy expectoration of much tenacious mucus

* Blood was sometimes expectorated during violent efforts to breathe

Respiration. Respiration costal (first day)

Respirations 15,1251.

Respirations, 21 (before experiment) ; 20 (after one hour)

Respirations, 19 (before experiment) ; 8, slow and small (after three hours)

Respiration fell from 18 to 13,106 108.

Difficulty of breathing caused by contractions of the diaphragm

* Respiration difficult

* Difficult respiration, as if a weight ivere lying on the chest, in consequence of which he was obliged to take deep and forced inspirations (after one hour),1-26

* Laborious breathing

Constant sighing (sixth day)

The respirations decreased from 18 to 13 per minute

* Anxious respiration.64.

* Anxious difficult respiration

Anxious breath, sighing, and hiccough

Most violent asthma appeared after the suppression of the itch, and ceased on the reappearance of the eruption

* Dyspnoea,*2122.

Great dyspnoea before death

Chest p. 565

Oppression of the chest

Sharp pressure in the sternum

Pressure in the chest

Pain in thorax

The whole upper portion of the left side of the chest, with the sternum, was painful

Suppression of milk; this effect has been noticed in six nursing women,1'0

The milk ivill not flow from the breast of a nursing woman

Heart and Pulse p. 565

Heart. Precordial tenderness, but no fulness

The sounds over the precordial region are perfectly normal, but convey an impression of slowness of time-taking action

Pressure in the precordial region

Painful sensation in the precordial region

Great precordial anxiety

Precordial anxiety

Disagreeable sensation in the precordial region

Spasmodic throbbing of the heart

Violent palpitation, with contracted, frequently intermittent pulse, in an acute form of poisoning

Palpitation of the heart (after half an hour)

Distressing palpitation

Her heart she described as having beat very rapidly for a long time, and her breathing as having been exceedingly laborious. After some hours the heart beat more quietly for a time, and then fell into inordinate activity as before ; intermitting in this manner throughout the day, during the earlier part of which she lay perfectly motionless, but without pain, recovering gradually towards evening the suspended animal function

Pulse. Rapid pulse,1275128b.

Pulse rapid, small, hard

P pulse rather quick, but very small and feeble

Pulse very feverish

Rapid pulse

Accelerated pulse, followed by sleepiness

Pulse accelerated

Pulse quick

* Pulse small, very rapid, contracted, frequently intermittent

Pulse 11‘2,87.

Pulse 90 and small

It appeared to excite rather than diminish the pulse, in twenty-five or thirty minutes; in fifteen or twenty minutes, however, the pulse lost a few beats in a minute, but not to the same extent when given in larger doses

* Pulse weak and rapid

Fall in the pulse

Pulse weak and slow, diminished by 7 beats

Pulse slow, falling 75 to 52,106.

Pulse small and contracted

Pulse small, soft, and slow

* Pulse small

* Pulse small, slow, and suppressed

Slowness of the circulation

Pulse small, contracted

Pulse slow, 32 (beats)

Pulse slow, indolent

Pulse slow, at times full, at other times small and tense

Pulse slow, weak, in three girls

Pulse slow, small, at times intermittent and scarcely perceptible, during the spasms

Pulse slow, small, thin

Pulse slow

Pulse very small and accelerated

* Weak depressed pulse

Pulse and respiration very slight and infrequent

For three days the pulse continued below 50, with a proportionate infrequency of the respiration

A diminution in the frequency of the pulse, and in several of the volume, were the only phenomena observed, except in three cases

Pulse 58,125a.

* Pulse depressed, very quick, and fluttering, ranging to 120 per minute (first day) ; 120, small and compressible (second day); 110, somewhat fuller than the day before, at 9 a.m. ; 100, quite full, at 7 p.m. (third day) ; 90, full, but easily compressed, at 8 p.m. (fifth day); 90, appears to have more volume, but easily compressed, at 9 a.m.; 100, not as full and wiry, at 8 p.m. (sixth day) ; 100,small and feeble, at 9 a.m.; fuller with more volume, at 4 and 8 p.m. (seventh day); 92, full, at 8 p.m. (eighth day) ; 80, full, while quiet, but quick and very feeble while making the least exertion (ninth day) ; 80, moderately full, but easily compressed (tenth day) ; 80 to 90, weak and variable, at 10 A.m. ; feeble, intermittent, ranging from 80 or 90, at 3 p.m. (eleventh day)

Pulse, before taking, 84; counted every fifteen minutes was as follows: 76, 74, 72, 68, 70, 68, 66, 66, 64, 62, 62, 62, 64, 64, 64; afterwards perfectly regular, only somewhat depressed

Pulse, before taking, 84; counted every quarter of an hour was as follows: 80, 80, 80, 78, 78, 76, 78, 76, 76, 74, 76, 74, 72, 70, 70, where it remained for over an hour, without variation

Pulse 82 (before experiment); 36, slow and feeble (after three hours)

ihe pulse, usually about 80, sank to about 40, with frequent intermission, and so continued through the night (after half an hour)

Pulse 79 (before experiment); 72 (after one hour)

Pulse 74 (before experiment); 62 (after one hour); 60, small and weak (after three hours)

Pulse 70 (before experiment); 60 (after thirty minutes and one hour); 57 (after one hour and a half) ; 60 (after three hours)

Pulse 70 (before experiment) ; 64 (after thirty minutes) ; 60 (after one hour); 56 (after two, and three hours)

Pulse 67 (before experiment); became soft, small, feeble, and fell to 60,125.

The pulse, which before the experiment was 65, fell to 54, small and slow

Pulse 64 (before experiment) ; 58, moderately full (after twenty minutes) ; 48, small (after thirty minutes); 48 (after fortyfive minutes); 52 (after sixty minutes); 55 (after seventy-five minutes); 60 (after six hours)

Pulse 64 (before experiment) ; 52 (after twenty minutes); 46 (after thirty-minutes); 45 (after forty minutes); 60 (after forty-five minutes); 46 (after one hour) ; 50 (after two hours)

Pulse 60 (before experiment) ; 52, full and tense (after twenty-five minutes); 51 (after thirty-five and forty-five minutes) ; 54 (after one hour) ; 56 (after one hour and a half )

Neck and Back p. 566

Stiffness in the nape of the neck

The cervical muscles of the right side were stiff and painful on turning the head (second morning)

Pain in the back and small of the back, with dragging and pressure in the lower abdomen, relieved by stooping (second day)

* Pain in the back (second and third days)

* Pain in the small of the back

Violent pain in the small of the back (first day)

Upper Extremities p. 566

* Most violent convulsive movements of the limbs occur several times a day; during the in intervals the fingers are numb and often contracted

The extremities were alternately violently flexed and extended, with an irresistible desire to stop the spasm by the force of the will, which he was imperfectly able to do

General convulsions of all the extensor muscles, aud indeed a perfect access of puerperal convulsion under its peculiar form (soon after second dose)

* Sudden periodic contractions of the limbs, with tensive pain

* Convulsive movements of the limbs

The limbs were very stiff, affected by the most violent spasms ; yet there was an irresistible inclination to overcome the spasmodic contractions, so that as long as the spasm affected the extensor muscles there were constant attempts to flex the limbs, and when the flexor muscles were affected to extend them

Wonderful distortions, alternate flexions, and distensions of the limbs; even the fingers were violently bent backward

* Contractions of the hands, feet, fingers, and toes, which the strongest man cannot prevent,u.

Various slow pandiculations and distortions of the hands and feet, especially in children

Spasmodic contortion of the extremities

Contraction of the flexor tendons, as though we would hop about

General trembling of the upper and lower extremities, especially on exertion

Trembling of the limbs, with bitter taste

The limbs trembled easily

* Trembling of the limbs

Trembling of the limbs for several days

Indolence in the limbs

Distortion of the hands and feet

Arms and legs rigid, in a semiflexed and semipronated posture; pain on attempting to straighten the limbs

Paralysis of different limbs

Paralysis of the limbs

Complete inability to walk, and remarkable inability to give the slightest grasp of the hand, or to execute any movement, even though the patient did not seem excessively weak

Immobility and stiffness of the limbs

Rigidity of the limbs after the spasms

Complete stiffness of the limbs

Rigidity of one or another limb

Loss of all power in the extremities, so that the patient could raise neither the arms nor legs, was obliged to lie in bed

Swelling of the upper and lower extremities, sometimes with rash, vesicles, furuncles, ulcers, and exanthemata, after the spasms have lasted a long time

Gangrene of the limbs, the limbs suddenly became cold, leaden-colored, and lost all sensation,,12.

Real gangrene of the fingers or toes

Cold, gangrene of the limbs

True anthrax, rapidly changing into gangrene of the limbs

The parts affected by gangrene spontaneously separated from the body

The dead extremity separated at the joint

Hands and feet szvollen, with a gangrenous, black, and suppurating eruption

Hands and feet swollen, covered with blisters

Lost both feet and nearly all his fingers

The fingers and toes first became discolored and then actually gangrenous; this gangrene soon became general, even penetrating to the bones, in consequence of which, frequently, even during the life of the sufferers, the limbs fall off

Some lose their fingers or toes from cold gangrene without pain, and find them in their stockings or gloves

Rain, with some swelling, without inflammation, followed by coldness, blue color, cold gangrene, and death of the limb

* The limbs became cold, pale, and wrinkled, as if they had been a long time in hot water

After excessive lassitude, more or less protracted, and unaccompanied by fever, the extremities become pain fid, cold, and rigid; benumbed and almost insensible, the limbs were yet capable of movement, though xvith difficulty; the patients were afflicted with grievous internal pain, which was greatly increased by heat, whether of the bed or atmosphere, bid abated somewhat when exposed to a cooler atmosphere, though even then it was scarcely tolerable; the pain extended by degrees from the toes to the legs and thighs, and from the fingers to the arms and shoulders, till sphacelus supervening, the affected parts, dead and black, dropped from the trunk or the adjacent members

The nails have fallen off his thumbs and all the fingers of both hands, as well as one of the lesser toes of the left foot, the denuded parts being covered with flabby granulations, secreting a fetid discharge

Nails purple

No blood followed the separation of the limb by the gangrene

The person generally experiences not the slightest pain in the gangrenous limb, whenever pricked or cut, though frequently motion is not entirely lost

* Absolute insensibility of the tips of the fingers and toes

* Insensibility of the limbs,™

* Numbness of the limbs (eleventh day)

Anaesthesia of the limbs or fingers, lasting a long time after the attacks

Numbness, insensibility, and coldness of the limbs

Great weariness of the limbs; he could scarcely drag along the feet

Weakness of the limbs, so that movement of the fingers was painful (after one hour)

* Weakness of the limbs

The father and mother merely experienced lassitude in the limbs

* Heaviness of the limbs,*6; (after three-quarters of an hour)

Limbs heavy,as if embarrassed with a great weight, and the calves painful (after one hour),126a.

Numbness of the fingers and toes

* Disagreeable sensation of sleep and formication in the extremities

* Cramps in the legs, arms, and chest (after two hours)

Cramps in the hands and feet, which were painfully contracted,139. Cramps of the limbs, accompanied with excruciating pains and formication,99. The limbs are affected by violent pain

* Spasmodic pains in the limbs,*9. Incessant spasmodic pains in the feet and hands, changing from place to place, with constant crying

* Pains in the limbs 54 ; (second and third days),lo6a.

Pain in the upper and lower extremities

Pain and bruised sensation in all the limbs

Pains in all the extremities; cramps in the flexor muscles

Periodic drawing pains extending downwards in the knees and elbows, with loss of sensation, coldness of the skin, and difficult movement of the. parts

Drawing in the hands and feet

Painful drawing and tearing in the limbs

Drawing and tearing in the hands and feet

* Drawing and crawling in the limbs99.

Drawing in the limbs, especially in the arms

Drawing or tearing pains in the limbs or joints, sometimes associated with a crawling sensation in the extremities

Violent jerking in the limbs, so that the patient was unable to separate or approximate the fingers

Severe pains iu the limbs (first day)

* Tingling in the extremities

Tingling in the fingers and feet (after two hours)

Jerking pains in the limbs and gum

Violent burning in the hands and feet, and especially the fingers and toes, which were bent and stiff

Sensation of burning fire in the hands and feet

Burning in the palms and soles

* Burning of the hands and feet9

Consuming fire in the hands and feet

* Fuzzy feeling in the limbs

Extension of the flexed limbs afforded some relief

Superior Extremities p. 568

Tonic spasms of the upper extremities

Shoulder. Violent tearing pain in the right shoulder and upper arm, as if a string were tightly drawn around it, followed by painfulness of the muscles, for a long time

Pain in the left shoulder (sixth day)

Very annoying pain in the left shoulder (fifth day)

Arm. Paralysis of the arm

Paralytic symptoms in the arms, with stiff and rigid flexion of the fingers, so that they could not be extended, with the most acute pains

* The arms fell asleep

Wrist. Soft, painful, watery swelling of the wrists, lasting several weeks

Hfltld. The whole hand is drawn inward, so that the bones of the wrist are very prominent; the forearm is affected by spasms, and the hands are approximated to the chest; relief of the pain follows when one attempts to extend the flexed parts

Weakness of the hands; the patient could not hold anything securely

Contraction of the hands

The hands can with difficulty be carried to the mouth, the fingers are bent backward, and the eyes distorted

* Crawling sensation in the hands and arms

fingers. Gangrene, followed by spontaneous amputation of a finger, in one case

Fingers rigid, cold, shrivelled, painful to pressure, dry ; hands covered with red erysipelatous spots, scales, and cracks

The fingers of both hands were flexed tightly into the hands, so that they could be opened with great difficulty; relief if the fingers were extended by another, but they immediately retracted again into the hand

Fingers so violently flexed that the strongest man could not extend them

The fingers were violently contracted

* Contraction of the fingers

* Loss of sensation in the tips of the fingers?0

* Numbness of the tips of the fingers?0.

* Numbness of the fingers?9.

Most violent pains in the tips of the fingers

Violent pains in the ends of the fingers, followed by lymphatic swelling, extending up the arms, and by loss of the ends of the fingers

Cramps in the fingers, frequently lasting several weeks, especially in children, and making it impossible to work

Drawing in the fingers

A crawling numb sensation in the fingers for a long time

* Crawling in the tips of the fingers, as if something alive were creeping under the skin, or as if the fingers were asleep, as from pressure upon the arm

Peculiar prickling feeling in the tips of the fingers, that are very sensitive to cold; after awhile they begin to suppurate, and later the nails separate from their matrix and fall off one after another, leaving an unhealthy granulating surface

Inferior Extremities p. 569

Two of the youngest were attacked with gangrene. One, a boy, ten years of age, after eating the bread during fifteen days, felt a severe pain from the left groin to the calf of the leg. The feet and legs became tumefied, covered with phlyctenae, and the gangrene appearing at the inferior third of the legs, descended towards the feet and ascended to the upper part of the legs, where it became limited. The other, aged twenty-eight months, was attacked in the same way, but on one leg only

Convulsions of the lower extremities and most violent pains

The patients are able to walk only on the tips of the toes, on account of constant cramplike spasmodic contractions of the limbs

The lower limbs were flexed ; she could not stand upright, and reeled as if intoxicated, yet was perfectly conscious

Occasionally slight convulsive twitches in the lower extremities were experienced by two of the individuals

Reeling gait

Gait difficult, tottering

Tottering gait

Inability to walk

Painful rigidity of the muscles, and an extreme lassitude in the lower extremities, causing considerable difficulty in walking (after second dose)

Lower extremities paralyzed.87.

Weakness of the lower extremities, so that the gait was unsteady and stumbling

Weakness and pains in lower extremities

Tliigll. Rigidity and soreness of the muscles, the muscles of the thighs and other parts of the lower extremities being more particularly affected

In the course of the day, a creeping sensation of insensibility upon the anterior part of the thigh and calf of the leg (second day)

Leg. Great weariness of the legs, followed by lasting pains, though worse at night, and would allow no sleep nor rest

Sense of weight and want of tone from the knees down

Painful sensation of weight in the calves and ankles (second day)

* Occasional cramps hi legs and feet

* Cramps in the calves,16b.

Foot find Toes. Gangrenous death of the feet and legs as far as the knees

Swelling of the feet

Dropsical swelling of the feet

Inversion of the feet

Violent pains in the feet and calves

Cramps and weakness of the feet

Anaesthesia of the soles of the feet

* The feet seem asleep and stiff

The ends of the toes turned purple, suppurated, and fell off

Gangrene of the toes and legs, and dropping off of the joints, the cases terminating either in death or fatuity

Cramps in the toes, so that walking is impossible

Generalities p. 569

Rapid emaciation

Child loses flesh

Hot gangrene, that eats the flesh from the bone

Cold gangrene and death attacked the nose, fingers, hands, arms, feet, tibiae, and thighs

Dry cold gangrene

The gangrenous parts became black and separated from the body

Gangrene

Emphysematous swelling

Apoplexy

Extreme exhaustion, gangrene, or apoplexy, sometimes most violent epilepsy, followed by death

Hands, feet, ears, and nose became purple, and much of the surface assumed a mottled aspect (after twelve hours)

General adynamic condition, under which the patients commonly succumbed about the tenth or twelfth day from the attack

Indications of a puerperal state (eighth day)

Secretions diminished

Opisthotonos

Emprosthotonos, opisthotonos, risus sardonicus, and raving

Emprosthotonos

Convulsive movements and twitching of the muscles and tendons of the limbs; twitchings of the muscles of the face (tenth day); twitching of the muscles (eleventh day)

Violent paroxysms, consisting of contractions of the extremities, repeated at short intervals until the extremities became cold, stiff, and immovable, with violent pains in various muscles; in some cases the attacks became tetanic, with trismus aud opisthotonos, or even epilepsy, followed by weakness of memory; the attacks frequently occurred suddenly in the night

Most frightful convulsions, followed by tetanus

Paroxysms usually better at night, so that the patient could at times sleep quietly

Convulsions,66 99 141 160.

Convulsions, etc., the convulsions sometimes carrying off the patient

Strong general convulsions (after twelve hours)

Frightful convulsive movements and spasms

Spasms, followed by death

Convulsions, followed bv death

She died in violent convulsions

Spasms

Violent spasms, followed by anaesthesia, complete loss of sight and hearing, and coma

General spasms, similar to epilepsy,14 6l.

The spasms are especially brought on by emotional excitement, followed by exhaustion, weakness, aud sopor

Repeated spasms

Extremely painful tonic contractions of the muscles, with opisthotonos, great anxiety, and loud cries; these attacks lasted from half an hour to several hours

The whole body was tossed about with the greatest uneasiness, and the person covered with cold sweat

Clonic spasms, that in some parts of the body changed to tonic spasms or alternated with them

The most violent spasms seemed to recur periodically, so that the recurrence of a new attack could be foreseen

The most violent spasms occurred at night; the sweat associated with them seemed to be caused rather by the anxiety than the pains

Most violent tonic spasms in the muscles of all the extremities

Tonic spasms,16' 16

Slight tetanic contractions of the face and extremities, which yielded to repeated hot baths (after one hour)

The muscles subject to volition responding irregularly, with occasional violent spasms of the muscles of the extremities and back (second and third days)

Spasms and twitchings, followed by death

Spasmodic movements of various kinds

Painful spasms, that lasted several weeks

Spasms and twitchings of the upper and lower extremities; spasmodic contractions in the veins

Sudden epileptiform spasms, with loss of consciousness

Epileptiform spasms

Epileptiform spasms in children, followed by death

Epileptiform spasms, occurring at intervals of about a month, during which the patient lost her memory, became foolish, and ‘spoke with difficulty

Completely developed epilepsy, occurring from time to time, gradually succeeded by idiocy, generally fatal after six months

Epilepsy, especially in children

Epileptic attacks

Epilepsy,3* 48 62.

In some patients the spasms occurred without remission or without aggravation at any time of day, and these were in great danger

In most cases the spasms attacked the patient without previous unpleasant symptoms, and if no remission followed the patient died on the third day

The spasms changed often from clonic to tonic, even to tetanus and trismus

The spasms generally occurred in the forenoon, lasted a longer or shorter time, were always followed by great weakness, sometimes by complete stiffness of the neck; the patient was relieved by rubbing and stretching the limbs; every emotional excitement caused a new attack

The spasms occurred two or three times a day; during the interval great weakness, contractions of the lower extremities, so that at times the patient could walk only on the toes, numbness of the limbs, especially of the fingers and toes

The spasms lasted usually two to four hours, sometimes twenty-four hours, and ended with profuse perspiration

Sudden vertigo and blindness; the patients were deprived wholly or in part of their senses, fell to the ground, and suffered the most violent contractions of the joints, twitching of the limbs, trembling, and violent ineffectual efforts to vomit; the elbows were pressed against the chest, the wrists flexed, the fingers doubled into the hands, the heels drawn upward toward the tendo Achillis, the toes bent under the sole of the foot, and frequently two strong men could not stretch out the limbs

After the spasms there were often distortion of the limbs, dilated pupils, loss of consciousness, delirium, weakness of mind or a certain insensibility, in which she seemed to be lost, staring at any one who spoke to her and answering nothing, as if she did not understand ; others seemed paralyzed, were unable to stand or walk

Violent trembling from every effort, even on stretching out the tongue

General trembling

Trembling, weakness, and paralyzed, benumbed sensation

* Trembling,14 48 82.

Irregular movements of the whole body, especially of the limbs

* Unsteadiness of the whole body

Painful stretching

Transient twitching

Violent jerking preceded the sensation of crawling, and was associated with most violent pains; these spasms were accompanied by constant trembling of all the muscles, and the spasms at first clonic became after a time tonic, and developed into a truly tetanic character

Numerous jerking movements of the voluntary muscles

Jerkings like electric shocks, almost as in tetanus

Jerking and spasms

Jerkings

Slight jerking and visible movements under the skin

Complete paralysis

Paralysis, so that the patient could no longer walk, with weakness in the small of the back and trembling of the feet

Loss of sensation and paralysis of the parts previously affected by spasms

Muscular inertia so great that he could scarcely move the fingers, and had great difficulty in either writing or walking (after one hour)

Paralytic symptoms

Lost all voluntary motion, and even the power of utterance

The vital forces were gradually exhausted and paralysis occurred ; the skin of the affected parts began to desquamate ; erysipelatous vesicles appeared over the whole body; the fingers and toes became gangrenous, with separation of the soft parts; the stools were thin, involuntary, followed by apoplexy and death

* Restlessness,142; (sixth day)

* Great restlessness,138 151 153.

Restlessness, with frequent wailing or screaming cries

Extreme debility

Extreme debility, numbness (occasionally of complete insensibility of the extremities)

Feeling of complete prostration and vertigo on walking across the room

Great depression of strength and temperature of the body

Great prostration, accompanied with a slow feeble pulse (second and third days)

* Great prostration (second, fourth, and seventh days)

Prostration,106 122 ; (after one hour),126*; (eighth day)

Faintness

Exhaustion

Great exhaustion, having no power to move the lower extremities, and but very little control over the upper

Great exhaustion after sleep

Longcontinued indolence, with stupefaction, coldness, and insensibility of the limbs, followed by gangrene

Languor during the whole day (second day)

Great languor and lassitude (after half an hour)

Extreme languor

General languor and lassitude

General lassitude (after one hour)

Great weakness,™.

Weakness 32 47 16

Weakness and dizziness (after two hours)

Very weak ; cannot move herself in bed (third day)

Loss of strength

Loss of strength, caused by exhausting diarrhoeas

Weariness

* Rapid sinking of strength

Indisposition to move or speak ; becomes very much exhausted when doing either (eleventh day)

Great sensitiveness to cold

The parts affected by spasms became somewhat insensible

After the spasms ceased, loss of sensation, the fingers and hands became numb and the lips pale; the spasms mostly returned on the ninth day

Rigidity, loss of all sensation, and most violent pains, aggravated by warm air or by the warmth of the bed, somewhat relieved in the cold, but in its place there was a sensation of most intolerable cold in all the limbs and over the whole body

General discomfort,100; (after two hours),69; (after three-quarters of an hour)

General heaviness

Great soreness all over the body; could not lie with ease in any position, and could not be moved without taking hold of her hands (second day); soreness of body not diminished (third day)

Tetanic cramps for several days, and considerable stiffness of the limbs remained, so that she frequently fell in walking

Tetanic cramps

Sudden intense pain, so that he cried aloud and ran about as if mad

Gnawing-boring pains in the flesh, worse at night, permitting no sleep

Tearing pains and intolerable crawling sensation in the limbs, pain in the head and back, anxiety, and some insensibility in the arras and feet

Wandering pains over the whole body, especially in the back and small of the back

Obstinate periodical pains

Pains recurring every ten or twenty minutes, with slow contraction of the limbs

Pains causing screams

Transient sticking rearing moving from place to place, at times with, at times without cramps

Sensation of burning, as if sparks of fire were falling upon different parts

Drawing and crawling, changing sometimes rapidly, sometimes slowly, into violent pains and spasms; the limbs were flexed and the skin covered with sweat

Twitching tremulous sensation in single muscular fibres and in whole muscles, in the face and hands

On awaking, in the morning, she had a peculiar tingling sensation all over the body, sometimes merely a slight creeping feel, and at others the symptoms increased even to pain fulness

* Heat applied to any part of the body aggravated his pains; his extreme aversion to warmth was very remarkable, and if on any cold day any additional covering was laid upon him while sleeping, he awakened almost instantly and threw it off; he was generally found in the coldest weather lying in bed with only an old cloak thrown over him,lb9.

The symptoms increased for four days

All the symptoms are aggravated on the appearance of the menses

Skin p. 572

Objective. Exhalations from theskin, of a vinous odor (fifth day)

Exhalations from the skin fetid (second day)

Desquamation of the whole body three times, in a girl

The epidermis begins to loosen from the affected parts

Skin soft, flabby

Skin dry, rough

Dry and withered appearance of skin

The skin, which in general was inclined to perspiration, was constantly quite dry

Dryness of the skin, with no trace of perspiration

* Skin dry and cool

The capillary action of the skin was remarkably slow, a portion of the skin deprived of its blood, by pressure with the finger, being a long time in recovering its color

Capillary action very slow

Capillaries of the skin appear to be empty (seventh day) ; more blood in the surface veins (ninth day)

Skin hot, dry, and of a yellowish-brown color, resembling that of a mulatto (second and third days); hot, dry, but not as dark as it was the day before (fourth day) ; hot and dry, but of a better color, of a natural appearance on the feet and hands (sixth day) ; soft and more natural to the touch, but still very yellow (ninth day) ; yellow, soft, and moist (tenth day); moist and yellow (eleventh day)

Skin dry and of a muddyyellow hue.(second and third days)

Skin discolored

Skin had a yellowish tint

The child, when born, was in a state of perfect jaundice, and continued so until death, which took place on the second day

Skin everywhere deep red

Skin of a roseate hue

The whole skin assumes a leaden hue, shrinks and wrinkles, and becomes insensible

The skin of the affected parts becomes leaden-colored and wrinkled, the vessels disappear, the parts gradually become numb and lose all sensibility, so that she can be cut and pricked without pain, or without blood flowing from the wounds

Petechial exanthema and furuncles on the lower limbs; outer parts of the limbs, especially the fingers, turn dark blue, become gangrenous and died altogether; the gangrene rapidly extended over other parts of the body, was not confined to fleshy parts but affected the bone, so that often the gangrenous parts fell off

* Petechiai}2 64.

Furuncles

Bloodboils

A slight eruption on the skin changing to gangrene, first on the toes and fingers, then rapidly extending over the arms and lower extremities

* Gangrenous blisters}

Various eruptions on the skin

* Large ecchymoses

Blood ulcers

Eruption of livid spots over the body

Spots on the face

Numerous boils on the back, nates, and abdomen, with cutting pains, surrounded by erysipelatous redness, and becoming gangrenous; this gangrene extended over the whole trunk and thighs, with separation of the epidermis and a cadaverous odor; followed by bloating of the abdomen, hiccough, coma, and death

Boils on the neck, discharging a yellow matter, with burning pain

Boils on the neck

A painless blister on the left index finger, as large as a nut, that opens and discharges ichor; the base of the sore is blackish ; all the fingers are insensible

Spots like fleabites, on the feet, lasting eight weeks

Subjective. Pains in the skin

Formication,143 155 16

The whole course of the disease was accompanied by formication of the feet and other symptoms characteristic of ergotism us

Formication, with a sense as if mice were creeping under the skin}

Formication on the face, gum, and other parts of the body

Formication in the extremities, with tearing-stinging pains

* Formication on the arms, legs, and face

• * Formication of the extremities

Formication, not only in the fingers, bid over the whole body

* Formication in the tips of the fingers, lasting several weeks, with a partial loss of sensibility

* Crawling and formication over the whole body

* Crawling all over the body (first day)

Crawling between the skin and flesh

Jerking crawling under the skin

11 Sensation as of something creeping under the skin

Sensation of crawling becoming greatly increased, so painful that the patient cried aloud and could rest in no position

Crawling and creeping in the skin}2.

Violent crawling and prickling over the whole body, especially on the upper lip, and at times all about the mouth}0.

Crawling and creeping}6.

Crawling and insensibility extending even into the forearms

Violent crawling in the hands and feet

Crawling sensation, as of formication, or as if the limb were stiffened by cold or were asleep, as if it had been insensible and sensation were returning with returning warmth; this is especially noticed in the fingers and toes, or often over the whole body, also on the tongue, which is then painful}1.

Crawling in the tips of the fingers, hands, neck, and other parts}6.

Crawling in the hands and feet}6.

A burning, torpid, prickly sensation over the whole surface, with much difficulty in moving the extremities, accompanied by a sensation like that produced in a limb by pressure on the trunk of a nerve, when we say that the limb is asleep (first day),136a.

Fine stitches, here and there, in the skin, disappearing on scratching, soon returning; the places scratched were affected for a long time by a disagreeable warmth

Itching all over the body (sixth day); so as to cause the patient to tear her skin (eighth day)

Distressing itching on the lower extremities, like formication,'1

Sleep p. 574

Drowsiness and inclination to sopor (fourth day)

Drowsiness (sixth, eighth, and ninth days)

Strong desire to sleep (after one hour); the sleep the following night was disturbed by anxious dreams

Great sleepiness

Sleepiness

Great inclination to sleep

Inclination to sopor (first day)

Stupefied slumber, for days

Deep and long-continued sleep

Almost complete sleep (in one hour)

• * Somnolency

Slept an hour and a half in the night, the first she had enjoyed during her illness (second night)

Sleep restless, interrupted by anxious dreams

Passed a restless, feverish, and sleepless night, in a state of great nervous agitation

Sleep very restless

Sleep restless, with heavy dreams

Little sleep (first night)

Sudden waking from sleep, with a wild staring look (tenth day)

Sudden waking from sleep and looking wild, as if frightened, followed by palpitation of the heart (ninth day)

Entire absence of sleep (second and third days)

Fever p. 574

Chilliness. Extremely violent chill, followed by burning heat, especially affecting internal parts, and associated with violent anxiety, so that many lose their reason, with violent, almost unquenchable thirst

Violent chill, followed by violent burning heat, with unquenchable thirst

A chill came on, followed immediately by nausea, sharp pain in the head, with dizziness and partial blindness

Rigors, with cutis anserina

Rigors, followed by heat and violent thirst (first day)

Shaking chill

Creeping chill over the extremities (after one hour); chilliness over the whole body (after three hours)

General sensation of coldness in different parts of the body, as from cold water or from snow

Sensation of cold (after one hour)

* Coldness of the surface of the body, and particularly the extremities

* Diminished temperature of the body

* Cold skin,122; (after three-quarters of an hour)

* Skin cold, particularly that of the face

Temperature of skin low, with free perspiration (after two hours)

Skin cool

Shivering

Sudden shuddering

Face cold and pale

Shivering in the limbs (after one hour)

Temperature beneath tongue 98° Tahr.,131.

Sensation of great coldness over the back and abdomen

Heat. Fever (first night and second day)

Fever accompanies the pains iu the stomach and abdomen, and pains in the limbs with internal heat, anxiety, and great thirst

Febrile excitement,47 °* w.

Typhoid symptoms presented themselves (first day)

Intense heat

Increased heat of body

Heat

Heat with thirst

Burning hot skin

Heat and dulness of the head

Sweat. Profuse general perspiration

Perspiration all over the body except the face (sixth day)

General sweat, relieving all the symptoms

Very profuse general perspiration

Breaking out of cold sweat

* Covered with cold sweat

Clammy sweat, followed by epileptiform spasms and death

* Cold clammy sweat

* Profuse cold sweat

Sweat on the forehead

Sweat from the head to the pit of the stomach

Limbs covered with cold sweat

Conditions p. 574

Aggravation.

(Forenoon), Spasms.

(Evening), Pressure and dragging in hypogastrium.

(Night), Spasms; pain iu flesh.

(After eating bread), Vertigo.

(Heat), Pains.

(On appearance of menses), The symptoms.

(During micturition), Burning in urethra.

(On moving), Dizziness of head ; in bed, dizziness of vision.

(Moving head), Black before eyes.

( When rising). Dizziness of vision.

(Rising up in bed), Black before eyes.

( On attempting to urinate), Cutting and smarting in urethra.

( Warm air), Prickling in stomach ; pains.

( Warmth of bed), Pains.

Amelioration p. 575

(Open air), Prickling in stomach.

(Extending flexed parts), Pain in arm and hand.

(Stooping), Pain in back.

(Siveat), The symptoms.

Footnotes p. 556

† Caused by the odor of the fungus in the meal.