Revision of Æthusa

The experiments detailed below throw so much doubt upon the various cases of poisoning attributed to Aethusa that we have concluded to throw them out entirely.

Indeed, it seems established beyond any possibility of doubt, that the plant is harmless.

Our own experiments prove this conclusively; in New York we had the co-operation of thirty or forty individuals, who took varying doses of the expressed juice of the plant without the slightest effect. The editor himself drank it by the wineglassful. A few experienced some disturbance: these are given in detail. It was not attempted to make a proving, as in that case the potencies would have been tried; we only desired to verify Dr. Harley’s observations as to the poisonous nature of the herb. Our preparation was obtained, through Messrs. Boericke & Tafel, from Leipzig, and was accompanied by a certificate of genuineness from the Director of the Botanic Gardens. The expressed juice was preserved by a small per cent, of alcohol.

I. Experiments by Dr. Harley, St. Thomas’s Hospital Reports, 1873.

II. Experiments by Dr. T. F. Allen, New York Homœopathic Medical ' College, 1876.

III. Experiment by Dr. Brugman, A. H. Z., 72, p. 56.

IV. Experiment by Dr. Bourbon, A. H. Z.

V. Case by Dr. Roques, A. H. Z.

Revision and R£sum^:.

Authorities. 1, Kenning, from Hartlaub and Triiiks’s Annalen, vol. iv.; 2, Hartlaub, ibid.; 3, Trinks, ibid.; 4, Petroz, Bull. d. 1. Sac. Med. Horn., 4, 337 ; 5, Brugmaus, A. H. Z., 72, p. 56, took a few grains; 6, Bourbon, ibid., ate some in salad ; 7, Roques, ibid., effects in a woman ; 8, Bigger, Am. J. Horn. M. M., 5, 459, effects of 3d dec. (in a patient); 9, Harley, St. Thos. Hosp. Reports (no symptoms); 10 to 15, from Dr. Allen’s provings, see above.f

I. By John Harley, 31.D., St. Thomas’s Hospital Reports, New Series,

The observations have been made with the juice of the entire plant; with tinctures prepared from ripe and green fruit; with a fluid extract prepared with the view of separating any cynapium or other active principle that may have been left in the plant after the expression of the juice, and with the oleo-resin.

Observation p. 263

J. W., a weakly young man, troubled with frequent seminal emissions, took 3^ fluid drachms of the JEthusa juice, and, having sat still for the first hour, strolled out during the second At the end of an hour the oscillating pupils contracted a very little more than they were observed to do before the dose, but beyond this there was no effect whatever. 4 fluid drachms of Succus conn produced a moderate effect upon this patient.

Observation p. 263

John T. B., aged twenty-two, the subject of sexual debility from excessive self-abuse, but otherwise strong and healthy, and in whom 6 drachms of Succus conn produced moderate coueism, took the JEthusa juice for a time, in doses increased from 90 minims to 4 drachms, an hour before breakfast every other day. No effects whatever followed.

Observation p. 263

Clara L., an active but slightly developed child, aged seven, the subject of interstitial keratitis, and in whom 6 drachms of Succus conn produced only moderate effects, took two doses, one of 3 drachms and the other of 4 drachms, of the Aethusa juice, about two hours after breakfast, on separate days. Beyond a slight temporary rise of pulse, due to the alcohol, there was no effect. The patient subsequently took tincture of the fruit. (See Observation 10.)

Observation p. 263

W. W., aged nineteen, an active healthy lad, troubled with frequent seminal emissions. 6 drachms of Succus conn, 30 minims of Succus belladonna, and 1 grain of Opium, always produced their appropriate effects in a moderate degree upon this patient. Beginning with

drachms, and rapidly increasing the dose to 1 ounce, he took the latter quantity of Aethusa juice every second or third day for about a month. Effects were carefully looked for, but none were appreciable, either to the patient or to myself.

Observation p. 264

Her) H., aged seventeen, a strong active youth, troubled with frequent seminal emissions, took Conium for some time, and a fluid ounce of the Succus always produced moderate coueism. On one occasion I gave him 7 drachms of the ^Ethusa juice, and kept him sitting under my observation for two and a quarter hours. Just previously he had walked to my house, and the pulse was 86, the pupils slightly oscillant and contracting to and the tongue whitish and moist, with an acid secretion. After forty-five minutes the pulse was 82, full and regular, as at first. The pupils and tongue were unchanged. After an hour and a half the pulse was 80, and otherwise unchanged. The pupils were now oscillating between and y". After two and a quarter hours the pulse was 74, regular, and of natural volume and force; the pupils were dilating a little, as before the draught; the tongue was unchanged, and the secretion acid still.

Two days afterwards 9 drachms of the A^thus juice were taken, the pulse being 86 and the pupils y'. After forty-five minutes the pulse was 88, full and soft; the pupils fairly steady, and contracting to y". After one hour the pulse was 80, otherwise unchanged ; the pupils still Y'. After two and a quarter hours {)pulse 72, regular, of initial volume and power; the pupils y'. The tongue remained unchanged throughout.

After an interval of eight days I gave him 11 drachms of the Aethusa juice, two hours after a hearty meal, and watched for effects under the same conditions as before, the pulse being 84 and the pupils y'. After an hour and a quarter the pupils were unchanged and the pulse had risen to 82, but was not appreciably altered in volume or force. After two hours it was 80, and of initial volume and power, and the pupils was still y'. At the end of this time the patient passed f^iiiss. of urine (having emptied the bladder just before taking the dose), of sp. gr. 1032; excepting that it contained an excess of unc acid it was normal. Neither on this nor on any previous occasion did the patient himself experience any effect.

Observation p. 264

George W., aged seventeen, a well developed and moderately strong young man, the subject of epileptic aura. Upon this patient 30 minims of Belladonna juice, of a grain of Atropia, 4 drachms of tincture of Henbane, 6 drachms of succus conn, and a mixture of 4 drachms each of tincture of Henbane and Succus conn, severally produced their proper effects in a moderate degree. Failing to get benefit from either of these remedies or the bromides, I gave him the Aethusa juice, beginning with 1-drachm doses every morning before breakfast for eight days, then 3 drachms increased to 4 drachms, for six days more.

A fortnight afterwards, in the evening, I gave him a single dose of 7 drachms, and he remained quiet for the next two hours. The pulse before the draught and after a walk to my house was 84, the pupils V, the tongue clean, and wet with alkaline mucus. After forty-five minutes the pulse was 85, unchanged. After two hours the pulse was 70, and of natural volume and force; the pupils and tongue remained unchanged throughout.

After an interval of six weeks the juice was again given in doses of 1 ounce, increased to 1^ ounce every other morning, an hour before breakfast, for a month. During the next nine days he took three doses, each consisting of 2 ounces of the thick juice. Effects were carefully watched for as often as the dose was increased, but both the patient and myself failed to observe any.

During the eight months which partly preceded and included the time of this treatment, the daily fits averaged 4-,\, never exceeding five, nor falling below two. On the days when he took the largest doses (2 ounces) of ^tliusa juice he had the full number (5) of fits, and on the intermediate days four. This was probably due to the alcohol.

Observation p. 265

E. B., aged twenty-one, a strong healthy young man, in whom 6 drachms of Succus conn produced slight coueism, took the iEihusa juice for a fortnight, in doses increased from 1 ounce to 2 ounces, every other morning before breakfast. The patient failed to experience any effect, nor could I detect any, except after one dose (an ounce and a half) a doubtful contraction of the pupil.

The following observations were made after a dose of 2|- ounces taken with as much water, the pulse being 78, pupils , and the tongue clean and moist. After taking the dose the patient strolled out for forty-five minutes, and then sat quietly during the rest of the time. At the end of an hour the pulse was 78, regular, and of initial force and power, the pupils were slightly contracted (?), the tongue unchanged. After two and a quarter hours the pulse was 68, otherwise unchanged ; the pupils slightly contracted, measuring nearly y, the mouth unchanged.

Observation p. 265

George L., aged nineteen, the subject of chronic spasm of the right arm, but otherwise healthy, and in whom 6 drachms of Succus conn produced moderate effects, took 2 fluid ounces of the ^thus juice, and three days afterwards 4 fluid ounces for a dose. On both occasions effects were carefully watched for during the three hours following each dose. Excepting slight somnolency, due to complete rest of mind and body during this interval, and to some extent probably to the alcohol, no effects were appreciable, either to the patient or myself. This patient took other preparations of TEthusa. (See Observations 12, 14, and 15.)

Observation p. 265

I took tincture of the nearly ripe fruit, in do.«es varying from 4- fluid drachm to 6 fluid drachms, without experiencing any effect.

Observation p. 265

The stdiject of Observation 3, a little girl, seven years old, took this tincture diluted with a little water, in doses increased from 2 fluid drachm to fluid ounce. Excepting a slight rise of pulse at the end of an hour, due to the alcohol, no effects followed any dose.

On one occasion, just after she had walked a distance of two miles, and two hours after breakfast, the pulse being 120, and the pupils I gave her 6 fluid drachms, and kept her sitting during the next two hours. After one hour the pulse was 98 and normal, and after two hours 96. The tongue and pupils were unchanged throughout, nor were any effects felt by the patient.

Observation p. 265

I have taken the tincture prepared from ripe fruit, in doses ranging from fluid drachm to 1 fluid ounce, without experiencing the slightest effects.

Observation p. 265

George L. (see Observation 8) took on one occasion 6 fluid drachms of the tincture, and on another 1 fluid ounce. No effects followed either dose.

Observation p. 265

I took 1 fluid ounce of the tincture prepared from the green unripe fruit, and experienced no effects.

Observation p. 265

George E. (see Observations 8 and 12) took 2 fluid ounces of this tincture, and sat still for the three hours following. Excepting the slight stimulant effect of the alcohol, there were absolutely no results.

Observation p. 265

George L. (see Observations 8, 12, and 14) took the fluid extract in doses of drachm, 1 drachm, and 2 drachms; not the slightest effect followed either dose.

My observations at present extend no further. I may mention that no trace of gastric irritation or any other effect, immediate or subsequent, occurred in any case. The results, therefore, are merely negative. The slight contraction of the pupil observed in some cases was probably due to the stimulant effect of the alcohol in steadying an oscillating pupil.

The largest dose of the juice given was 4 ounces of the spirituous mixture, which is equivalent to 3 ounces of the fresh juice and to 6 ounces of the fresh herb.

The maximum doses of the tincture of the ripe and nearly ripe fruit was 1 fluid ounce, equivalent, in either case, to 90 grains of the fruit.

The largest dose of the tincture of the unripe fruit was 2 fluid ounces, equivalent to more than 300 grains of the fruit.

Observation p. 266

10 grains of the oleo-resin, obtained partly from the herb and partly from the fruit, were taken in solution by a healthy adult. No effects whatever followed.

II. Experiments made under the Direction of T. F. Allen, New York

Homceopathic Medical College

Proving of JEthusa by Thomas Wildes.

January 14th, 1876, 1 a.m. Took of ff 1 drop in a tablespoonful of water on retiring to bed. General peripheral sensation of warmth within five minutes.

6.30 A.M. Wakened with strong sexual desire, and a feeling of glow over the entire body. I took 1 drop on the tongue, with an instantayieous sensation of nausea, confined to the mouth and pharynx. Reacted more freely than usual from my shower-bath.

7.30 A.M. 1 drop and same sensation of nausea.

9 A.M. 1 drop and same sensation of nausea.

10 A.M. 1 drop and same sensation of nausea.

11 A.M. 1 drop, sensation of nausea extended down the oesophagus and into the stomach, with rumbling and gurgling in the stomach and upper bowels, and a sensation of fluttering motion in the stomach. Metallic slimy taste in the mouth with dryness. Nausea, and general feeling in the stomach as if I had been on a spree last night. Forehead feels constricted, and yet a sensation of pressure as from within outward.

Took 1 drop with less immediate nausea.

12 M. Took 1 drop.

1 P.M. Took 1 drop.

2 P.M. Took 1 drop.

3 P.M. Took 1 drop; heat and pressure in forehead.

4 P.M. Took 1 drop.

5 P.M. Took 1 drop; sensation of stuffiness in perfectly sound right ear with feeling of coldness in it, around and behind the same, seeming to be in the bone

6 P.M. Took 1 drop; no sensation.

7 P.M. Took 1 drop; aching in left mastoid process.

Have noticed all day that excretions (urine and perspiration) are increased, and secretions decreased. I also felt all in a glow, and perspired easily when walking home in the cold to-night.

8 P.M. Took 1 dro}).

9 P.M. Took 1 drop; a feeling in stomach and bowels as if diarrhoea was coming on.

10 P.M, Took 1 drop.

11 P.M. Took 1 drop; skin of hands dry and shrunken, as if they had been washed in lye, especially on the palmar surface.

12 P.M. Took 1 drop and retired; no symptoms to note.

January 15th, 6.30 a.m. Awoke with an intense frontal headache, with sensation of constriction from points vertically over each eye; relieved by pressure. Quantity of urine diminished. I took 2 diops ; no sensation.

8 A.M. Took 2 drops ; headache better.

9 A.M. Took 2 drops; headache gone.

10 A.M. Took 2 drops.

11 A.M. Took 2 drops; sensation of tension as of a band passing around the forehead and made fast at each zygoma.

12 M. Took 2 drops; sensation as if I had caught cold and a violent coryza was corning on.

1 P.M. Took 2 drops; sensation of heat and fulness in the face, and pressure-e in the frontal sinuses and upper nasal passages. Nausea. General headache. Excessive flow of pale urine.

2 P.M. Took 2 diops; face feels better.

3 P.M. Took 2 drops; face feels well, but is beginning to look peaked and hollow-cheeked. Slight headache. Feet and limbs cold nearly to the knees.

4 P.M. Took 2 diops; coldness of limbs more marked.

5 P.M. Took 2 drops.

6 P.M. Took 2 drops; slight nausea.

7 P.M. Took 2 diops ; slight nausea.

8 P.M. Took 2 diops.

9 P.M. Took 2 drops.

10 P.M. Took 2 drops.

11 P.M. Took 2 drops ; sharp cramps in the small intestines, localized in spots, and quickly shifting from place to place.

12 P.M. Took 20 drops and retired.

January 16th, 7 a.m. Wakened with a sort of seething feeling in ray blood, and a heavy aching pain in my back across my kidneys; also a pain between my shoulder-blades. Feeling as of an indigestible load in my stomach. Quantity of urine normal. Took 20 diops.

8 A.M. Before eating breakfast I drank half a goblet of milk (contrary to custom, as I never drink milk) ; no effect. Waited five minutes and took 20 drops without effect, except a feeling as of a load in the stomach and an indisposition to eat, although appetite was average fair. Food all tasted alike, in fact, was nearly tasteless. I also noticed this symptom yesterday but failed to record it. A desire to swallow, as though to keep something down, but without nausea. Waited ten minutes after taking the milk and the 20 drops, before eating breakfast.

11 A.M. Have noticed since breakfast a marked sensation as of a load in the stomach and upper bowels, as though the process of digestion was not going on properly for want of sufficient gastric juice. Mouth and lips dry. Urine decreased. Skin had a dry, white, leathery, pinched look ; cheeks are sunken ; clothes seem loose. Sexual desire diminished.

I can conceive that this drug might produce vomiting from a weak stomach, if the proving was pressed, by reason of its retardation of the secretion of the gastric juice, and thus causing the food to act as a foreign body in the stomach. But it will not make me vomit.

January 16th, 2 p.m. Gave 5 drops to Mrs. P. just before she commenced eating dinner. She at once complained of a heated, flushed feeling, as if she had taken a glass of liquor, with a sensation of nausea. After waiting five minutes, she had drank some milk at once, she had to go into the open air to keep from vomiting. At the expiration of another five minutes I gave her 5 drops more, followed by 2 fluid ounces of milk, and this was followed in two minutes by 5 drops more. She at once sought the kitchen, retched violently, and threw up a lot of phlegm, but phlegm only. At the expiration of ten minutes I gave her 5 drops more (20 drops in all), which again made her deathly sick, but she could vomit only phlegm. Throughout this time she felt a constant nausea, and had a sensation in the upper bowels as if she had taken a dose of medicine which was working. The eyes got watery and the face flushed and hot.

I certify that the foregoing is correct in every particular.

Mrs. Sarah Pack.

The above statement was written down immediately after dinner, from Mrs. P. s statement and doings made at the time in the presence of a table full, and was signed by her after she had heard it carefully read aloud.

Thomas Wildes.

January 16th, 6 p.m. I gave 5 drops to Mr. H. before he commenced eating his supper. He at once complained of a feeling of heat all through the body, and a perspiration broke out on his forehead. He then drank 2 fluid ounces of milk, and three minutes afterwards I gave him 5 drops more (10 d^-ops in all, in five minutes), when he complained of nausea, metallic taste in mouth, and headache in the forehead, shooting up over the eyes. He did not vomit, and in a few minutes ate his supper.

Mr. H. reports this morning, January 17th, that he still feels a slight sensation of nausea, with warmth and an uneasy sensation in the oesophagus and stomach, and a metallic taste in the*mouth. He had an increased flow of urine this morning, of a sweet odor. Up to 12 oclock, last night, he had a heavy undefined sensation in his head like a general headache, with intermittent pains in the forehead, located vertically over each eye, in lines. The metallic taste was very marked up to that hour, and also the sensation of nausea, which extended from the fauces to the stomach, combined with great_ warmth covering that entire region, spreading out laterally, and extending down into the upper bowels, together with pains in the stomach and upper bowels, as though caused by something hard and indigestible. He describes the pains which he had over his eyes as shooting pains, starting above the eyes and going upward and slightly outward

I certify that the foregoing is a correct statement of symptoms experienced by me this morning, and from 8 to 12 oclock last evening, after taking ten (10) drops of a medicine from Dr. Wildes at 6.30 p.m., in addition to symptoms I felt immediately, and which he has recorded.

J. L. Hurd.

Mr. Hard is a young gentleman in excellent health, knows nothing of homoeopathy or the proving of medicines, and when he took the doses was not aware that the medicine was expected to do anything except make him sick at his stomach.

These points he noticed himself, and this morning described them to me in very nearly the language which I have given above.

As a verification of his symptoms I would add that I felt nauseated all day yesterday, January 16th, at the sight of food, although I was no longer taking the drug; and I had the continued sensation of a hard ball or load in the stomach, which latter I have at this moment; yet I could eat.

When I retired to bed, at 1 a.m. (this morning), I quickly had numerous fine sharp stabbing pains, lasting five minutes, and some of which were so sudden and violent that I was forced to exclaim with pain.

I have recorded throughout only such symptoms as were sudden, unexpected, and evidently came from the drug.

Proving of jPthiisa by E. H. Lmnell.

I received an ounce of Aethusa, which I have taken, but without any very marked or satisfactory results. I commenced with it last Friday, and during the day I took about 1 drachm, in frequent small doses. The only unusual feeling was a slight uneasiness in the stomach, as if a precursor of an attack of gastric catarrh. During the day I drank quite a good deal of milk with my meals. I took no more of the drug till Saturday afternoon, when I took it every fifteen minutes for nearly four hours. I commenced with 10 drops, and increased the dose 10 drops each time, so that the last time I took 120 drops, and 670 in all. I felt a decided weight and heaviness in the stomach, which lasted about two hours, but there was no nausea, although after taking the last of it, I made a meal mostly of bread and milk. I have a very strong stomach, and very seldom suffer from indigestion, so that I feel confident that the sensations I have mentioned, though meagre, were caused by the drug. Perhaps I should state that I took the medicine each time on Saturday, in more or less water, according to the dose, and it is possible that the water caused the sensation of w^eight, rather than the drug, although I hardly think that was the case.

Proving of yElliusa by Ernest P. Macomber.

I put 24 drops of this drug into twenty-four teaspoonfuls of water, taking one teaspoonful every five minutes, till all was taken, with the following results. On counting my pulse, after taking the third dose, it had decreased from 76 beats per minute to 72. After taking the sixth dose, pulse 69, aud I also noticed a slight constricted sensation about head. After ninth dose pulse 66. After twelfth dose pulse 62. After eighteenth dose pulse 60 and soft in character. After twenty-fourth dose pulse soft in character, beats 57 per minute, also slight nausea, aud a loose discharge from bowels, of a yellow color and sour smell.

Proving of jp^thus by Dr. St. Clair Smith.

Took at 3.30 180 drops. Immediately, burning in mouth, throat, aud oesophagus, with profuse salivation and secretion of mucus in both mouth and throat; this copious flow of mucus continued for some fifteen or twenty minutes, with qualmishness, and was followed by a feeling of dryness of tongue and throat. Burning in stomach from the beginning, but gradually increasing, accompanied by eructations of a rancid taste, causing burning in oesophagus aud throat; heartburn, lasting some time after the eructation, with an inclination to spit and clear the throat. Some nausea, with waterbrash, of sour hot fluid; at one time vomiting seemed inevitable. Later, an uncomfortable qualmish feeling in stomach, hardly amounting to nausea, also of pain in forehead, a sort of crampy feeling, with disposition to contract the brows. Deepseated sensation of coldness in the upper part of abdomen, in region of transverse colon. Later, aching in malar bones, principally the left (crampy). Pain in forehead increased and is decidedly uncomfortable. Occasional aching in back of head. Pulse (usually 76) 90 (after two hours). Face flushed (after two hours). Vertigo, great dizziness (soon). Aching in brows, a feeling of constriction. Rapid sticking-shooting pain in left temple and left ear, at 9 p.m. ; continued till I went to bed. Weight in stomach, and uncomfortable feeling of indigestion, with uprisings of food and hot liquid; the uprisings of food tasted spoiled. Pain in bowels as if diarrhoea would follow, but it did not. A crampy constriction in heart, with a feeling as though I could not take a long breath; felt pulse to see if it was irregular; it was not; the same pain soon after in right chest. Aching in small of back.

III. Dr. Brugmans took a few grains in the morning. There followed violent headache, thirst, efforts to vomit, sticking pain in the epigastrium, cutting pain and flatulence, desire to sleep, and during the whole day a general cold feeling. Sleep was very restless for the first hours.

IV. Dr. Tournou took by mistake some in salad. He awoke with colic, vertigo, and weakness. Tea and a few glasses of wine removed the symptoms.

V. Dr. Roques treated a woman who had eaten Aethusa inadvertently. She suffered from cutting pain and violent vomiting, incessant anguish, and a feeling of weakness. The symptoms were relieved after a few doses of Laudanum.

Résumé p. 270

31 hid.—Imagined she saw rats run across the room,^.—A fixed idea, from which she could not free herself, of a garment made the previous day, of which she also dreamed,*. — Liable to transports of rage,^—Excited, lively in the forenoon ; apprehensive, sad in the afternoon,*.—Hilarity, talkativeness, facetiousuess,^—Great good-humor (second day); (seems to be the secondary action),'*.—[530.] Sadness when alone,\—Anxiety, characterized by a feeling of weight on the chest,\—Uneasiness, anxiety— Incessant anguish,*.—Disposition becomes retiring and tearful, as in nostalgia,■*.—She looks very fretful and earnest, and does not talk willingly during the heat of the head ; towards noon, better humored,*.—Very illhumored, fretful, in the afternoon,*.—Peevish and ill-humored in the open air; after entering the house she again felt better (after one hour and a quarter),*.—Awkwardness; discontent, even to vexation,\—Slowness or unsettled state of his ideas, even to absence of thought,*.—Loss of comprehension; a kind of stupefaction, as if there were a barrier between his organs of sense and external objects,*.—[540.] Somewhat stupid dulness, like an intoxication, soon after a dose,'*.

Hc(id.— Con/'iifiioii and Vei‘ti(/0. The head is confused during the coryza,*.—Vertigo,*^—Vertigo on awaking,®.—Vertigo, with sleepiness, during and after rising from a seat (after quarter of an hour),*.—Vertigo alter every new dose, disappearing in the open air,*.—Vertigo, with sleepiness ; the eyes close involuntarily, soon after a dose,'.—Vertigo in the open air,*.—Vertigo, even in the open air ; she was obliged to support herself to prevent falling,*.—[550.] Sudden attack of vertigo while sitting, disappearing after rising (second day),*. — Vertigo when sitting down, aggravated on trying to rise from his seat,*.—The vertigo is more especially felt towards m\Ma.y*. — Gen€ral Head. The head is inclined to fall backwards,^—Head dull, brain seems bound up (after two hours and a half),k—Rush of heat into the head, with increased warmth of the whole body, redness of the face, and relief of the vertigo (second day,’.— Head, face, and hands seem swollen, after walking in the open air; disappearing ill the house (after one hour ),'.—Heavy, undefined sensation in the head, like a general headache,'^ — Violent headache,^—General headache,'”.—The pains in the head are felt especially when he wakes up; they are easily brought on by getting chilled; sleep causes them to cease, and they are ameliorated by emission of flatus,h—[560.] The pains of the head return periodically, and are often accompanied with pale face, trembling in the jaws, and pain in the precordial region,'.—Feeling of tension in the head,*.—Raging here and there in the head on entering the house, though lasting only a short time,'.—Sensation as if shattered in the head, in the afternoon,'.—Slight constricted feeling about the head,'*.—Painful screwingtogether from both sides of the head,'’'.—Tearing pain in the head,*.—Beating and sticking in the whole head, in the afternoon,'.—Throbbing in the head,*. —Headache, throbbing in the head on entering the house from the open air (seventh day),'. — Foeeliead. [570.] Sensation of great heaviness in the whole forehead, which seems to press the head downward, with great ill-humor, while sitting (second day),'.—Sudden painless sensation of heaviness in the forehead, it seems to press down the eyelids, with fretful humor; during dinner (second day),'.—Headache in the forehead, shooting up over the eyes,'^ — Aching in brows, a feeling of constriction,—Awoke with intense frontal headache, with sensation of constriction from points vertically over each eye ; relieved by pressure,'®.—V^violent pains in the forepart of the head, as if the head were compressed posteriorly and superiorly, with great force,®.—Intermittent pains in the forehead, located vertically over each eye, in lines,'®.—Sensation of tension, as of a band passing around the forehead, and made fast at each zygoma,'®.—A sensation in the forehead as if something were turning around in it (third day),'.— Forehead feels constricted, and yet a sensation of pressure, as from within outward, '”.—[580.] Pressive but dull pain in the forehead, and then on the right side of the occiput (after one quarter of an hour),®.—Pressure in the frontal sinuses and u{)per nasal passages,'®.—Crampy pain in the forehead, with disposition to contract the eyebrows,'®.—Jerking tearing in the frontal sinus, above the left eye, while sitting (second day),'.—Sticking in the forehead on turning the head to the right, in the afternoon,'.—Very painful throbbing in the left frontal region (fourth day),'.—Tenures, Aching in left mastoid process,'®.—A sudden tear in the right temple, in the afternoon,'.—Rapid sticking-shooting pain in left temple,'®.—Pain in a small spot in the left temple, as if a bloodvessels had been torn out, lasting two minutes (second day),'.—[590.] Sticking in the left temporal region ; then throbbing in the same place (after one hour and a quarter),'.—Sticking in the left temj)le; afterwards drawing in the head from below upward (alter one hour and a quarter),'.—Violent sticking and throbbing in the left temple, disappearing on pressure, but immediately returning (atter two hours and a half),'.— Vertex and l*ai‘iet((f,s. Pain in the vertex,*.—Dull pain on the vertex (after one hour and a half},'.—Painful sticking and beating on the vertex, disa|)tearing on rubbing it, in the afternoon,'.—Jerking in the right side of the head, and (hen sticking beneath the left mamma, very acute, especially on inspiration, in the afternoon,'.— Tearing and throbbing in the right side of the head, then again sticking in the left half of the head (after five hours)/.—Very painful sticking tearing in the left side of the head/.—Sticking and beating on the upper part of the right parietal bone (after two hours)/.—Occiput and i£.JC- genial Head. [600.] Sensation of heaviness in the occiput, and beating in the forehead/.—Occasional aching in the back of the head,V— Distressing pain in the occiput and nape of neck, extending down the spine; relieved by friction with hot whiskey. A feeling as if the pain in the hack would be ameliorated by straightening out, and bending stiffly backwards, as in opisthotonos,^.—A tearing in the right side of the occiput, which shoots through the whole head, and extends to the right side, in the afternoon,*.— Tearing stitches extending forward from the occiput, in the afternoon,*.— Sticking and beating in the upper part of the right side of the occiput (after five hours),*.—Sense of contraction at the hairy scalp/.

l^yc,—The eyes are very wide open,*. — Swelling of the Meibomian glands; gum in the canthi,*.—Spasm of the eyes,*.—[610.] Distortion of the eyes during sleep,*.—The eyes close involuntarily from sleepiness, which disappears in the open air,*.—Violent burning in the eyes in the house, as if smoke were in them (after half an hourj,*.—Pressure in the eyes,*.— Pain of excoriation around the eyes,*.—Tearing pain across the eyes,*.— Stitches around the eyes and in the orbits,*.—The eye-symptoms are generally felt on awakening, or in the open air,*.—Pain at the eyebrows,*.— Eyes watery,**.—[620.] Chronic inflammation of the edges of the eyelids,*. —Troublesome sensation around the eyelids,*.—Pain of excoriation in the lids,*.—Itching of the canthi,*.—Vision confused; sometimes objects appear double,*.—Objects seem enlarged, and sometimes double,*.

Hue.—Purulent discharge from the ears,*.—Stitching pain behind the ears,*.—Lancinating jiain in the ears, from within outward/. — Violent jerking in both ears, not removed by scratching,*.—[630.] Sticking into the right ear fatter three-quarters of an hour),*.—Rapid sticking-shooting pain in left ear,*“.—Sticking in the left ear (after one hour) ; after the sticking fiue tearing about the ear, extending to the top of the head,*.— Sticking in the left ear, with a feeling as if heat were coming out of it, alternating with stitches in the left costal region (after five hours),*.—At one time sticking, at another tearing in the right ear, only somewhat relieved by rubbing,*.—Transient, though painful sticking in the right ear,*. —Sticking in the right ear, removed by boring in with the finger,*.—Sensation of heat escaping from the ear,*.—Sensation of stuffiness in perfectly sound right ear, with feeling of coldness in, around, and behind the same, seeming to be in the bone,*".—Dryness of the ears; want of cerumen,*.— [640.] Stopped sensation in the ears, with hardness of hearing, which lasted longer in the left ear (after one hour),*.— Several of the ear-symptoms are ameliorated by contact and pressure,*. — Troublesome whistling in the ears,*.

Afose.—Sneezing once,*.—Ineffectual desire to sneeze,*.—Inclination to sneeze in the left nostril (after half an hour),*.—Coryza in the morning,*. —Coryza in the open air,*.—Coryza, with viscid secretion,*.—The coryza has a nauseous smell, *.—[650.] The coryza loosens on the second morning; much thick mucus is discharged,*.—Sudden stoppage of both nostrils for a quarter of an hour (after five minutes),*.—Sudden stoppage of the nose, lasting a quarter of an hour, in the morning after waking,*.—Tension above the root of thg nose,*.—Ulcerative pain in the fossa of the left side of the nose, as if there were an open spot,*.—Sense of pressure in the nose,*. —Acute stitches in the left side of the nose externally, then a very fine painful burning on the right side, then fine burning, as with a glowing needle externally, in the pit of the stomach,h

Face.—Face beginning to look peaked and hollow-cheeked,’®.—Pur- ness of the face during the menses,*.—The face has a tired look, *.—[660.] Face expressive of anguish,*.—Face flushed and hot,”.—Jactitation of the muscles around the mouth,*.—Cheeks sunken,’®.—Crampy aching in the malar bones, principally the left,’®.—Tearing in both malar bones, and very painful, though only for a short time,’.—Violent tearing in the left malar bone, in the cold air (fourth day),’.—Sticking and tearing in the right malar bone; afterwards tickling in the left upper teeth ; afterwards stitches in the left ear (after three hours),’.—Dull stitch like a tapping with the finger, with tearing iu a small spot in the middle of the left cheek (second day),'.—Chap on the upper lip,*.—[670.] Tearing iu the lower lip, extending into the neighboring teeth, in the afternoon,’.—Tearing iu the right lower jaw (after one hour and a quarter),’.

31oat]l.—Teeth. A sort of shocks iu the lower teeth,*.—Grumbling in a right lower back tooth, it seems as though the headache arose from the teeth (seventh day),’.—Painful sensitiveness of a right lower decayed molar, still worse when touched (first day),’.—Gam, Stitches here and there, in the gum (ninth day),’.—Fine sticking and tearing iu the gum, now in the right, now in the left side, frequently (eleventh day),’.—Toagae. Dryness of the tongue,’®.—Sensation as if the tongue were too dry,*. — General 3Loath, Aphthee in the mouth,*. — Redness and swelling of the velum pendulum and adjacent parts; distress so great that he fears suffocation,*. —[680.] Mouth and lips dry,’®.—Burning in mouth,’®. — Saliva and Taste. Stitching in the arch of the palate,*.—Inclination to spit and clear the throat,’®.—Profuse salivation,’®.—lnsij)idity in the mouth, with a sweetish taste iu the morning after waking,’.—Food all tasted alike, iu fact was nearly tasteless,’®.—Indescribable taste, both before and after a meal,*. —Sweetish taste, with dryness of the mouth (eleventh day),’.—Taste of cheese in mouth,*. — [690.] Food tastes salt,*. — Metallic taste in the mouth,’’.—Metallic, slimy taste in the mouth, with dryness,’®.—Taste of onions,*.—Speech. Slowness of speech,*.—Speech almost prevented,*.

Throat.—Inflamed aphlhee and pustules in the throat, making the patient’s condition almost c^desperate,*.—Redness of the throat,*.—Dryness in the throat and frequent hawking (alter two hours),’. — Dryness of the throat,’®.—[700.] A sensation in the throat, as though she could not swallow, with spasmodic contraction in the right side of the throat and ear, lasting an hour, in the afternoon while sitting (ninth day),’.—Sharp stitches iu the throat when not swallowing (second day),’.—Burning iu the throat,’®. —Warmth and uneasy sensation in the oesophagus and stomach,”.—Burning in the oesophagus,’®.—Itching and scraping in the oesophagus,*.-A desire to swallow, as though to keep something down,’®.

Stirmach.—Appetite. Indisposition to eat, although the appetite was average fair,’®.—Total loss of appetite for every kind of ailment,*.— AVautof appetite, although with clean tongue,*.—[710.] Want of appetite, in the evening,*.—Fractal ion. Eructations after drinking,*.— Eructations of a rancid taste, causing burning in the oesophagus and throat,’®.—Difficult eructations,*.—Eructations tasting of the broth (after one hour and a quarter),’.—Empty eructations, iu the afternoon,’.—Uprisings of food,’®.—The eructations are allayed by lying down,*.—Eructations, tasting of the \r\gQiia,\—Iliccoagh. [720.] Hiccough, in the evening,’. — Waterbrash of sour, hot fluid, . Heartburn, . Nausea aiKl Vomitus, Nausea,"— Nausea, with prostration,^ — Nauseated at the sight of food,*®.—Sensation of nausea extended down the oesophagus and into the stomach, with rumbling and gurgling in the stomach and upper bowels, and a sensation of fluttering motion in the stomach,*®.— Instantaneous sensation of nausea, confined to the mouth and pharynx,*®.—Efforts to vomit,^—Retched, and threw up phlegm,**.—[730.] Vomiting, with chills, sweat and debility—Stomach. General feeling in the stomach, as if I had been on a spree last night,*®.—A sensation in the stomach, as if something had become turned about, then an uprising burning sensation extending into the chest (after one hour and a quarter),*. —Weight and heaviness in the stomach, which lasted two hours,*®.—Weight in stomach,*®.—Feeling as of an indigestible load in my stomach,'®.—Uncomfortable feeling of indigestion,*®.—Slight uneasiness in the stomach, as if a precursor of an attack of gastric catarrh,*®. — Feeling in stomach and bowels, as if diarrhoea were coming on,*®.—Painful contraction of the stomach*.—[740.] Painfulness of the epigastric region*.—Burning in the stomach,*®.—Pains in the stomach and upper bowels, as though caused by something hard and indigestible,*^ — Cutting pain and violent vomiting,’.— Sticking pain in the epigastrium,®.—Dull sticking in the side near the stomach, extending deeply inward on sitting bent over, disappearing on becoming erect (first day),*.

Ahdomeit.—Painfulness of the hypochondria,^—A painful pressing inward and a burning with stitches iu the left hypochondrium, twice in quick succession (after one hour),*.—A stitch iu the right hypochondriac region, and immediately afterwards in the right ear, in the afternoon,*.— Sticking iu the left hypochondriac region, frequently, and lasting a long time (after four hours),*.—[750.] Constant stitches in the left hypochondriac region, with burning, only transiently relieved by rubbing,*.—A stitch iu the left hypochondriac region, extending backward, then sticking deep internally beneath the left female breast, in the afternoon,*.—Painful movings about below the navel, with desire for stool, after the morning broth ; followed after a few minutes by a hard stool (after one hour),*.— A rush as of boiling water in the umbilical region, followed by griping iu the stomach,*.—In the morning after rising, at first some griping about the navel, and then two soft stools,*.—A sudden burning, as from a glowing hot needle, at one time in the left loin, then in the right hypochondriac region (alter four hours),*.—Digging sensation iu the abdomen,^.—Sensation of load in upper bowels,*®.—Warmth in the upper bowels,*®.—Sharp cramps in the small intestines, localized in spots, and quickly shifting from place to place,*®.—[760.] Sensation in the upper bowels as if she had taken a dose of medicine, which was working,**.—Colic on awaking,®.—Pain in bowels, as if diarrhoea would follow,*®.—A painful cutting as with a knife in the abdomen, above the navel (second day),*.—Cutting pain and flatulence,®.—Throbbing in the abdomen,\—Movements in the abdomen, followed by a stool, the first part of which is hard, the last soft,*.—Sensation of great coldness in the whole upper abdomen, immediately after a dose,*. —Sensation of coldness in the abdomen after every dose,*.—Coldness in the region of the transverse colon,*®.—[770.] Cutting in the lower abdomen, with urging to stool; a soft stool follows, succeeded by tenesmus and continued straining (tenth day),*.

Jtectum ami Anas.—Feeling as if the hemorrhoidal tumors were excoriated,^—Contraction of the rectum,*.—All the symptoms disappear after broth, but return after half an hour,h—Sensation of dryness at the anus,h

Stool,—Loose discharge from the bowels, of a yellow color and sour smell,'h—Very hard stool, with clawing in the anus, aud great straining (second day),\—*Stools of partly digested food, shortly after a meal or at night,h—Constipation,h—Most obstinate constipation, with feeling as though all action of the bowels had been lost,*.

TJiinory —[780.] Cutting pains at the bladder,*.—Frequent urging to urinate,*.—Frequent urging to urinate at night,*.—Urine increased,'®.—Increased flow of urine, of a sweet odor,'l—Copious emission of urine,*.—Excessive flow of pale urine,'®.—She passes much urine as pale as water, three times (second day),'.—Urine diminished,'®.—Red urine voided with difficulty,*.—[790.] Urine depositing a white sediment,*.

Sexual Oeyaus.—Awakened with a strong sexual desire,'®.—Sexual desire diminished,'®.—Stitching pains in sexual parts (female),*.—The menstrual blood is watery,*.

liespieotoey Organs.—Slight cough,*.—Cough, aggravated by lying down,*.—Cough, with stunning pain in the head,*.—Cough, with titillating sensation in the throat,*.—Frequent short hacking cough (after half an hour),'.—[800.] Cough, with tearing pain in the chest,*.—Cough, with sweetish taste in the throat,*.—Cough, with paleness of the face,*.—Cough, followed by mucous expectoration,*.—Dry cough in several paroxysms, after dinner (after four hours),'.—Hoarse breathing,*.—Sibilant respiration,*.— Hoarse and sibilant respiration, especially when lying on the back,*.

Chest.—Sensation of pressure, as from a band around the chest,*.— Crampy constriction in the right chest,'^—[810.] An incessant painful dull stitch in the middle of the chest on inspiration, on rising after sitting bent over ; the pain was aggravated by deep breathing ; 6.30 p.m. (first day),'.— A sharp stitch in the middle of the sternum, followed by burning in the same spot, so that she thought it was all over with her, disappearing on j)pressure, but returning (after five hours),'.—Digging and tension in the right thorax, in front of the axilla,'.—Painless tension in the region in front of the right axilla, while knitting in the evening (fifth day),'.—A stitch in the region of the right ribs, in the afternoon,'.—Swelling of the mammary gland,*.—Burning, as from a glowing hot iron in a small spot below the left breast (second day),'.

Heart and Pulse.—Crampy constriction in heart, with a feeling as though I could not take a long breath,—Palpitations which resound in the head,*.—Palpitation, with vertigo, headache, aud restlessness,*.— [820.] Small, frequent, irregular pulse,*.—Pulse decreased in frequency, aud soft,'*.—Pulse (usually 76), 90 (after two hours),

hech and liaek.—Drawing pain in the right side of the neck, as if a tendon or a bloodvessels would be torn out, disappearing on rubbing (eleventh day),'.—Painful tearing in the tendons in the right side of the neck (seventh day),'.—Violent tearing in a spot of the breadth of two Angers on the right side of the neck (second day),'.—A sharp stitch extending inward in the left cervical muscles, then a similar stitch in the upper part of the left parietal bone, then a beating in the whole head, more on the right side and backward, with a feeling of heaviness,'.—Sticking jerking in the nape of the neck (after two houi’s),'.—Throbbing tearing in a small spot on the tendons, on the left side of the neck (second day),'.—Weak feeling in the back,*!—[830.] Pulling in the back,*.—Painful aching about the left scapula, sometimes extending into the left arm ; attempt to relieve it by rigid expansion and closing the fist, as in a tonic spasm,®.—Pain between shoulderblade on waking in the morning,'“.—A violent stitch between the scapulae,h—Burning externally in the small of the back, disappearing after rubbing,^—Aching in small of back,*l— Heavy aching pain in my back across my kidneys, on waking, in the morning,*®.—Frequent sensation in the small of the back, as if screwed together,*. —Drawing in the right lumbar region while walking, disappearing on sitting (after one hour and a quarter),*.—A stitch in the right lumbar region, then a sensation of slight pressure, as though a light body were lying there (after one hour and a quarter),*.

J^xtveniities.—[840.] Sleep prevented by pains in the limbs,*.

Superior Extletttities.—Numbness of the arms—Sensation, as if the arms had become much shorter; so vivid that she had to examine them in the morning to be convinced that it was not actually so,®.—Paralyzed sensation on the left shoulder, afterwards in the right forearm (second day),*.—Tension at first on the left, then on the right shoulder; very painful (first day),*.—Pain in the axillary glands,*.—Arthritic stiffness of the elbow-joint,*.—Sensation of great weakness in the right forearm, a hand’s breadth above the wrists, extending to the little finger (fifth day),*. —Sudden weariness of the forearms while knitting; she was obliged to lay it aside, avhen it became better (after a quarter of an hour),*.—Heaviness of the forearm,*.—[850.] Paralytic pain in the left forearm while sitting (second day),*.—Tension in the tendons of the left forearm while flexed, she did not dare to extend it, and yet the tension was relieved only by extending and moving the fingers; while knitting (after five minutes),*.— Fine tearing in a small spot on the inner surface of the left forearm,*.— Sticking tearing in the middle of the left forearm, along the upper surface, as far as the wrist,'.—Sticking in the tendons of the right forearm while using the hand (first day),'.—A stitch in the left external styloid process (of the wrist), (after one hour and a half),'.—Cramp of the hand,*. —Frequent tearing on the back of the right hand, in the tendons of the thumb, for several days (seventh day),*.—Tearing in the metacarpal bone of the right index finger (second day),*.—Tearing in the metacarpal bone of the left index finger,'. — [860.] Tearing between the little and ring fingers of the hand, aggravated on stretching them out (second dav),'.— Swelling of the fingers,*.—Contraction of the fingers,*.—Formication in the fingers,*.—Jerking in the left thumb (after two hours),*.—Jerking tearing between the first and second joints of the left thumb, as if in the marrow (second day),*.—Extremely painful sticking in the ball of the left thumb on flexing it, less on extending it (first day),'.—While sewing a sensation in the left thumb as if it were stiff and immovable, and as if she could not extend it, which, however, she was able to do (first day),*.—A fine sticking as from a thistle in the left side of the tip of the right index finger, which^ disappears on pressing on it a long time (after a quarter of an hour),*.—Tearing on the lower surface of the third joint of the right little finger,*.

Itlfatior — [870.] Great weakness of the lower extremities (third day ),*.—Boring pain in the lower extremities,*.—Lancinating, tearing pain in the lower extremities,*.—Formication referred to the bones of the lower limbs,*.—Tension in the right hip, then again sticking tearing in the right ear, in the afternoon,*.—A pinching in the right hip, externally (after two hours aud a half),'.—Sticking and drawing from the left hip into the thigh/.—Paralytic pain in the nuddle of the right thigh while sitting, disappearing on motion,h—Sticking in the upper part of the left thigh,*.—Sticking in the right knee, in the evening while standing,'.— [880.] Tearing deep in the right instep, in the afternoon,'.—Sticking in the right sole, below the heel (after five hours),'.—Tearing sticking in the right heel, extending thence into the sole, as far as the ball of the foot (after three-quarters of an h('ur),'.

Qeneifflities.—Secretions diminished,"’. — Feeling of weakness,'.— Weakness on awaking,®.—Great weakness and prostration, with sleepiness (second afternoon),'.—Wakened in the morning with a sort of seething feeling in my blood,'®.—Weak feeling, like paralysis, when raising himself in bed, when turning in bed, and during movement,*.—She thinks she is much better and fresher after entering the house from the open air,'.— [890.] Reacted more freely than usual from my shower-bath (second morning),'®.— Numerous fine sharp stabbing pains, lasting five minutes,'®.— Clothes seem loose,'®.—Symptoms relieved after a few doses of laudanum,'. —Tea and a few glasses of wine removed the symptoms,®.—Most of the symptoms disappear in the open air, but soon return in the house,'.

Sh‘ in.—Skin had a dry, white, leathery, pinched look,'®.—Herpetic eruption itched very much from the heat, especially in the evening,*.— Small vesicles on the skin of the face,*.—Yellowish spot on the upper lip,*. —[900.] Pimply eruption on the genitals (female),*.—A painful boil in the sacral region,'.—Skin of hands dry and shrunken, as if they had been washed in lye, especially on the palmar surface,'®.—During one day appearance and disappearance of reddish-blue spots on the trunk and left leg, causing the patient to fear an attack of spotted fever,®.—Excessive sensitiveness,*.—Tingling, itching,*.—Itching from the heat,*.—Itching of the least affected portions of the skin ; they swell up,*.—Itching at the sexual parts (female),*.

Sfeeff.—Desire to sleep,®.—[910 ] Sleepy, without yawning, in the afternoon,'.—Sleep very restless for the first hours,"'.—Slight spasmodic movements during sleep,*.—Frequent waking, caused by a feeling of cold,*.— Sleep broken by frequent waking,*. — Waking up, followed by several hours of sleeplessness,*.—Fatiguing dreams, in the morning,*.—Troubled dreams,*.

Fever'.—Chill in Chilliness through the whole body, and external coldness, without thirst, lasting two days,'''.—Violent chill and external coldness, so that he could not get warm in the forenoon, soon after a dose, with sleepiness, which lasted the whole day,^—[920.] Shivering, which is more frequent in the afternoons,*.—Horripilation in the open air,*. —During the horripilation the limbs feel as if broken, with hot breath and restlessness,*.—Shivering on entering the house from the open air (second day),'.—Horripilation, with heat, which pervades the whole body,*.—General coldness,*.—During the whole day a general cold feeling,®.—General coldness during sleep,*.—Coldness, with red face,*.—He cannot bear to be uncovered during the sweat,*. —[930.] I internal coldness,*.—Sensation of coldness at the chin, and at the labial commissures,*.— Coldness of the abdomen, both objective and subjective, with aching pain in the bowels {relieved by xvarni wet applications), accompanied by coldness of the lower extremities, particularly the left one,®.—Coldness of abdomen and lower extremities,®.— Coldness of lower extremities, particularly the left, with coldness in abdomen, etc,®.—Feet and limbs cold, nearly to the knees,'®.—llent. The febrile symptoms occur more particularly in the morning, and are accompanied with very great malaise and tendency to delirium, which cease during the sweat,'*.—Heat all through the body,*'*.—Heated, flushed feeling, as if she had taken a glass of liquor,".—Feeling of glow over the entire body on waking in the morning,'®.—[940.] General peripheral sensation of warmth within five minutes,'®. — Burning heat of the skin,*.— Heat in the head and burning in the face, lasting half an hour (after one hour and a half),'.—Heat and pressure in forehead,'®.—Sensation of heat and fulness in the face,'®.—Sensation of heat extending up the back, in the afternoon,'.—Sweat. General perspiration,*.—Perspiration increased,'®.— Sweat when going to sleep,*. — Perspiration on the forehead,—[950.] Sweat on the face,*.—Cold sweat on the face,*.

Footnotes p. 263

† Didier, No. 4, in resume in vol. i of this work, i.s not original, but a resume of other provings, hence it is omitted ; symptoms from the supposed eases of poisoning cited by Both are discarded ; Catteli’s symptoms, Br. .J. of Horn., 11, also discarded ; Thompson’s case of poisoning, Lancet, 1836-7, p. 850, doubtful ; all other supposed poisonous effects and cases of poisoning are omitted ; it having been clearly substantiated that the plant is harmless to produce grave effects.