Cedron

Simdba Cedron. Simarubaeecp,.

The fruit of a South American tree, also growing in the West Indies.

Trituration of the seeds, or a tincture prepared from the whole fruit.

In 1699, mentioned in the history of the Buccaneers.

In 1828, seeds, grown on the Andes, offered for sale by the native Indians in Carthagena.

In 1844, discovered on the Isthmus.

In 1846, Purpie discovered the tree on the Rio Grande.

In 1851, Dr. Centre, Collectanea, in N. A. J. H., vol. 1, p. 272.

Considered a specific for bites of venomous serpents, hydrophobia and stings of poisonous insects, in Panama, and used for epidemic intermittents. Hellert's experiences, ibid.

In 1851, reports by Sir Wm. J. Hooker, Pharm. Journ. and Transact., 10, 344, later in Ceniralblatt, 1, 271.

In 1851, Lewi found the tree in the Sierras Calientes in New Granada, and says, the seed is similar to the Ignatia bean and as bitter. Dumas, Journ. de Chim. Med., 282.

In 1853, Dr. Metcalf on New Provings, N. A. J. H, vol. 3, p. 99.

In 1856, cures of intermittent fever, Otto Fiillgraff, A. A. J. H , 5, 179.

Casanova's pathogenetic and clinical experiments on fourteen persons, Monthly Bom. Rev., vols. 5 and 6.

Provings by Teste on three persons, in 6th dilution. Reported cures of intermittents of Martinique and Wallachia. Materia Medica, p. 575.

In 1859, provings by J. Douglas, N. A. J. M., vol. 8, p. 120.

A cure of quotidian ague by Hughes.

Provings by Sennert, W. Horn. Obs., vol. 2, p. 11.

In 1874, S. A. Jones, resume of symptoms. Am. Obs.

In 1876, article on intermittents by A. Charge, Trans. Worms Horn. Convention.

Mind

Nervous excitement, followed by depression.

▌ Restless, as driven from place to place; urine dark yellow and increased in quantity.

▌ After delirium tremens, trembling of whole body.

Nervous depression after coitus.

▌ Lectophobia.

▌ Body is heavy, mind depressed. θ Intermittent.

Mental symptoms < at night.

Sensorium

Dullness of senses.

▌ Vertigo. θ Menstrual epilepsy.

▌ Giddiness, with falling down in convulsions. θ Epileptiform eclampsia.

Inner Head p. 440

Shooting pain in orbital region.

Headache, especially deep in orbits, obliging him to shut eyes, and extending to occiput.

▌ Intense pain in forehead. θ Epileptiform eclampsia.

▌ Pressing frontal headache, with sharp pains from above eyes to temples and occiput, ▌< before a storm. θ Choroiditis.

Throbbing pain in head, commencing in temples, extending around to forehead.

▌ From temple to temple, pain across eyes.

Pressure at r. temple, dull pain in r. side of head, disappears towards noon.

Pressive headache, at noon.

Pressure on top of head.

Sharp pain in occiput.

▌▌ Head felt as if swollen.

Distensive headache, < during night.

▌ Sick headache every other day at 11 oclock.

▌ Congestion to head. θ Chill.

Attacks of headache recur with clock-like periodicity.

Headache ▌< in open air and on rising.

Sight and Eyes p. 440

Dimness of vision.

Objects seem red at night and yellowish during. day.

▌ Dilated pupils, with tumid face.

▌ Flashes of light before eyes.

A peculiar, unsteady, glistening appearance of eyes, and intolerance of light.

▌ Dull appearance of eyes.

Eyes injected and sore to touch.

Alternate dryness and smarting of eyes with moisture, < when closing them.

Smarting and burning, with lachrymation.

Acrid tears which seemed to scald cheeks.

▌ A tic-like pain over 1. eye, for more than thirteen years, which never came on except after coitus.

▌▌ Severe shooting pain over 1. eye.

▌ Severe ciliary neuralgia, distinctly periodical. θ Glaucoma. θ Iritis. θ Choroiditis.

▌ Pain across eyes, from temple to temple.

Neuralgic affections <C evenings and when lying down.

▌ Deep sunken eyes, during catamenia.

Spasmodic twitching of upper lid.

Burning sensation in upper lid.

Hearing and Ears p. 440

Tinnitus. θ Menstrual epilepsy.

▌ Deafness, at night. θ Intermittent.

Smell and Nose p. 440

Profuse discharge of thin, clear, acrid, or glassy-looking mucus.

▌ Point of nose cold, with chilliness and yawning, at 9 p.m.

Upper Face p. 440

Animated red face. θ Intermittent fever.

Yellow face and skin.

▌ Face pale, during catamenia.

▌ Tumid face, with pupils much dilated. θ Epileptiform eclampsia.

▌ Prosopalgia, more frequently in women than in men, generally on r. side, recurring in regular paroxysms of indefinite duration, with spasmodic distortion of muscles corresponding to affected region.

Unbearable neuralgic pains, wandering from place to place, but emanating from a carious tooth ; pressing or tearing pain, with occasional shooting.

▌ Chronic intermittent prosopalgia, always coming on at 7 or 8 P.M., and lasting from two to four hours.

Facial neuralgia, returning with clock-like periodicity.

▌ Flying heat in face, alternating with chills. θ Prosopalgia.

Facial neuralgia, arising from malarial influences.

Lower Face p. 441

▌ Lips cold, bluish and dry, during catamenia.

Teeth and Gums p. 441

Tz-Sudden toothache in 1. upper molars ; on inspiration, sensation as if cold air touched teeth.

▌ Odontalgia every night, during catamenia.

▌ Bleeding of gums, during catamenia.

Taste and Tongue p. 441

▌ Difficulty of speech, during catamenia.

▌ Stammering speech after coitus, in a woman. θ Choreic attack.

Pricking itching of tongue.

▌ Painful pricking of tongue, with sensation of heat. θ During catamenia.

▌ Tongue felt paralyzed at times, during catamenia.

Inner Mouth p. 441

Mouth dry, great thirst for cold water.

▌ Mouth and tongue very dry, during catamenia.

▌ Profuse ptyalism after catamenia.

Burning and smarting in mouth.

Tingling sensation in mouth as from the shock of a galvanic battery.

▌ Fetid breath, during catamenia.

IS Throat. Train on a small spot in 1. side of throat, next root of tongue, as of a foreign body, < from pressure.

▌ Enlargement of tonsils, with redness of velum palate, and constant need of swallowing. See 26.

Burning in fauces, throat and stomach.

Constriction of throat ; difficulty of swallowing.

Appetite, Thirst. Desires, Aversions p. 441

Longing for cold in some, and for warm drinks in others.

▌ Great thirst, during catamenia.

Eating and Drinking p. 441

▌ After meals: semi-liquid evacuations, with colic and wind.

Improved by eating : suffocative fits. See 26.

Hiccough, Belching, Nausea and Vomiting p. 442

nausea.

Nausea, with distension of stomach.

Scrobiculum and Stomach p. 442

Sensation as of a stone on stomach.

• Gastric affections ; spasm of stomach and bowels.

Hypochondria p. 442

Stitches in spleen and liver.

Abdomen p. 442

Abdomen hard and distended.

Flatulence, colic and cramps.

Stool and Rectum p. 442

Semi-liquid, whitish faeces, somewhat like starch ; white, frothy, and papescent evacuations immediately after meals, accompanied with slight colic and discharge of inodorous wind.

▌ Involuntary discharge of feces. θ Choreic attack.

││ Excessive tenesmus.

: Cholera morbus.

Urinary Organs p. 442

A great deal of pain in kidneys.

Burning along ureters and in urethra.

Profuse secretion of urine.

Frequent ineffectual urging to urinate.

▌ Involuntary discharge of urine. θ Choreic attack.

▌ Discharge of inodorous urine, as clear as water, on recurring consciousness. θ Epileptiform convulsions.

Urine very high colored.

Urine throws down a bran-like sediment.

Male Sexual Organs p. 442

▌ After coitus, pain over 1. eye.

Gonorrhoea-like discharge, lasting three days.

Thin, gleety discharge, day and night, with formication over body.

Feeling as if a drop of urine were in urethra, or a constant dropping from it.

Female Sexual Organs p. 442

▌ Post coitus, irregular and uncontrollable movements of 1. upper and lower extremities, and of some portions of face, manifested by grimaces and contortions of different kinds ; these symptoms lasted from fifteen to twenty minutes; could not speak without stammering, and respiration was very much affected; involuntary discharge of urine and faeces at times during attack. θ Choreic attack.

▌ During catamenia : mouth and tongue very dry ; difficulty of speech ; great thirst ; painful pricking of tongue, with sensation of heat ; felt at times as if tongue was paralyzed ; face pale ; deep sunken eyes ; odontalgia every night ; fetid breath; lips cold, bluish, dry ;• now and then slight bleeding of gums.

▌ After catamenia profuse ptyalism and leucorrhoeal flow.

▌ Leucorrhoea regularly every month, five or six days previous to catamenia, with pain in uterus and swelling of vulva.

▌ Leucorrhoeal discharge appearing in place of catamenia.

▌ Menstrual epilepsy (epileptoid convulsions), precursory symptoms of which were manifested precisely the same day that catamenia commenced ; vertigo, tinnitus aurium, and irregularity in action of heart ; then aura epileptica, followed by loss of consciousness and falling ; a distressing cry, now and then alternated with risus sardonicus and slight foaming at mouth during attack.

Pregnancy. Parturition. Lactation p. 443

Tendency to miscarriage, repeating itself at same epoch.

▌ Epileptiform eclampsia, in a primipara, in seventh month of pregnancy. See 36.

"Voice and Larynx. Trachea and Bronchia, i Larynx constricted and tender ; difficulty of swallowing ; difficult respiration, with partial loss of voice, recurring at intervals.

▌ Feeling of suffocation in throat.

▌ Chronic intermittent laryngitis ; attack comes on every evening, with shivering chills, lasts about two hours, terminates with a profuse perspiration.

Respiration p. 443

▌ Respiration very much affected after coitus, in a woman. θ Choreic attack.

▌ Hurried respiration and feeling of suffocation in throat.

▌ Suffocating fits regularly every day from 10 to 12 oclock ; there are sensations of choking or stifling ; difficulty of breathing, obliging her to stand in an erect position ; enlargement of tonsils during attack, with redness of velum palate, and constant need of swallowing ; < after sleeping, > by eating.

▌ Breath cold.

Cough p. 443

▌ Troublesome cough, coming on regularly every morning at about 6 oclock, and lasting from two to three hours.

Inner Chest and Lungs p. 443

Oppression of chest ; frequent inclination to sigh and draw a deep breath.

Sharp darting-cutting pains under ribs.

Heart, Pulse and Circulation p. 443

irregular action of heart. θ Menstrual epilepsy.

▌ Quick and full pulse, with aminated red face. θ Intermittent fever.

▌ Irregular pulse, with palpitation. θ Epileptiform eclampsia.

▌ Rapid intermittent pulse, impossible to count strokes; also, palpitation of heart, rapid and intermittent.

Neck and Back p. 443

▌ Stiff neck; pain all along spine. θ Cerebrospinal meningitis.

Upper Limbs p. 443

' Pain at insertion of r. deltoid, and rheumatic pain in r. side.

Lower Limbs p. 443

Numb, dead feeling in legs ; they feel enlarged.

Limbs in General p. 444

Transient pain in joints, principally in r. elbow, which perspire.

Tearing and twitching pains in limbs. /

Cramps, followed by contracting and tearing pains in extremities.

Cold sensation in hands or feet.

Icy coldness of extremities.

▌ Gout.

Rest. Position. Motion p. 444

Lying down : < neuralgic affection, in evening.

▌ Has to stand in an erect position. θ Suffocative attacks.

Nerves p. 444

General debility, languor and fainting.

▌▌ Chronic intermittent neuralgia, recurring in paroxysms with great regularity.

▌ Trembling of whole body. θ After delirium tremens.

▌ Choreic attack, after coitus, in a woman.

▌ Epileptiform eclampsia: attacks came on regularly twice a day, morning and evening, at same hours ; intense pain in forehead ; tumid face, with pupils much dilated ; giddiness, resulting in her falling down in most distressing convulsions ; insensibility, closed teeth, and frothy secretions from mouth ; difficult respiration, irregular pulse, and palpitation ; the whole lasting for six or eight minutes ; on recovering, consciousness, felt very weak, and discharged a large quantity of inodorous urine, as clear as pure water (primipara, in seventh month of utero-gestation). θ Hysteria.

▌ Epileptiform convulsions during catamenial period.

Entire body feels numb.

Sleep p. 444

Yawning.

Worse after sleeping : suffocative fits. See 26.

Time p. 444

Night : mental symptoms < ; distensive headache < ; objects seem red ; deafness.

4 A.M. : chill, followed by sweat.

6 A.M. : troublesome cough ; regular paroxysm of fever.

▌▌ A.M. : sick headache, every other day.

10 to 12 : suffocating fits, daily.

Toward noon : pressing pain in r. temple >.

Noon : pressive headache.

4 P M. : chill after washing in cold water.

7 or 8 P.M. : chronic intermittent prosopalgia.

9 P.M. : point of nose cold, with chilliness and yawning.

Evening : neuralgic affection ; epileptiform eclampsia.

Day : objects appear yellow.

Temperature and Weather p. 444

Warm drinks : longing for.

Cold drinks : longing for.

Open air : ▌< worse headache.

▌ Chills and fever in persons returned from tropical countries.

▌ Worse before a storm : neuralgic pains. θ Choroiditis.

Fever p. 445

Chilliness and yawning ; point of nose cold.

▌ Chill at 4 A.M., followed by sweat; at 4 p.m., after washing in cold water, chill alone.

▌ Shivering and chill, followed by profuse perspiration, every evening. θ Chronic laryngitis.

Chill, with congestion to head ; hands, feet and nose remain icy cold.

Chill, severe enough to shake whole body, renewed by every motion, lasting one to two hours ; hands, feet and nose cold.

Regular paroxysm of fever, coming at same hour, commencing every day at 6 p.m., by chills in back and limbs, or cold feet and hands.

Heat over entire body.

Hot stage: dryness; heaviness of head; redness of face; burning heat in hands, pulse full and accelerated, thirst, with desire for warm drinks.

▌▌ Profuse perspiration.

During sweat, coldness and heat and heat and coldness irregularly intermingled.

▌ Bluish-red face; forearm to elbow, and hands and feet cold; sweat beneath axilla and on chest; a, child.

Quotidian or tertian fever with marked periodicity.

▌▌ Miasmatic fevers of low marshy regions in warm seasons and tropical countries ; chill returns with clock-like regularity.

Attacks, Periodicity p. 445

Clock-like periodicity : headache.

▌▌ Attacks occur with unerring periodicity to the hour. θ Prosopalgia. θ Neuralgia. θ Intermittent.

At same epoch of pregnancy : tendency to miscarriage.

Locality and Direction p. 445

Left : eye, a tic-like pain ; shooting pain over eye ; toothache ; pain in throat ; pain in eye after coitus ; upper and lower extremities, uncontrollable movements.

Right : temple, pressure ; side of head, pains ; face, prosopalgia ; pain in deltoid ; transient pain in elbow.

Sensations p. 445

As if swollen, head ; as if cold air touched teeth ; as if paralyzed, tongue ; as from shock of galvanic battery, in mouth ; as of a stone on stomach ; as if a drop of urine were in urethra, or dropping from it ; as if enlarged, legs.

Stitches : in spleen and liver.

Darting- cutting : under ribs.

Shooting : pain in orbital region ; over 1. eye ; toothache.

Pricking-itching : of tongue.

Tearing: toothache; in limbs ; in extremities.

Smarting : in eyes ; in mouth.

Burning : in eyes ; in upper eyelid ; in mouth ; in fauces, throat and stomach ; along urethra ; heat, in hands.

Pressure : r. temple and head ; on top of head.

Pressing : frontal headache ; toothache.

Contused feeling.

Twitching : in limbs.

Sharp : pain in occiput ; from above eyes to temples and occiput.

Tingling : in mouth.

Formication : over body, with gleet.

Numbness : in legs.

Throbbing : pain in head.

Undefined pain : in kidneys.

Heaviness : of head.

Suffocative feeling : in throat.

Cramps : in extremities.

Heat: in tongue. '

Flying heat : of face.

Heat and cold : irregularly intermingled.

Dryness : of head.

Tissues p. 446

Affects cerebro-spinal system, kidneys and bowels.

Counteracts bites of venomous serpents and stings of poisonous insects.

Marked debility, apparently due to action on brain and nervous system.

Touch. Passive Motion. Injuries p. 446

Pressure : < pain in throat.

Touch : eyes sore to.

Stages of Life, Constitution p. 446

Adapted to persons of a voluptuous disposition and of an excitable, nervous temperament ; more especially to females.

A child. θ Cyanosis.

Women more frequently affected with prosopalgia than men.

A woman, neuralgic headache. θ Chronic choroiditis.

Primipara, in seventh month of pregnancy. θ Epileptiform eclampsia.

Relations p. 446

The debility of Cedron in intermittent fever appears to be due to action on brain and nervous system, not to the effect of profuse perspiration, as in Cinchona.

Given against bite of venomous serpents and stings of poisonous insects.

Compare Cinchona and Arsen.

Cedron removes roaring in ears, produced by Cinchona.

Bellad. removes "objects appear red at night and yellowish by day."